GitHub - uni-medical/Project-Imaging-X: Project Imaging-X: A Survey of 1000+ Open-Access Medical Imaging Datasets for Foundation Model Development

Project Imaging-X is a strategic initiative to consolidate 1000+ open medical imaging datasets worldwide, breaking down data silos through systematic integration to build the foundational infrastructure for next-generation medical AI models.

Challenge: Medical imaging lacks large-scale unified datasets due to clinical expertise requirements and privacy constraints, limiting the development of powerful medical foundation models.

Solution: We surveyed 1000+ open-access medical image datasets, developed a systematic integration paradigm, and created a unified repository with structured metadata and reference links.

Impact: Transforming fragmented small datasets into cohesive large-scale resources to accelerate medical AI research and enable robust foundation models for the biomedical community.

Skill

This repository also includes a reusable skill for dataset discovery and download guidance: skills/project-imaging-x-discovery/

Use that directory as the skill root when integrating, packaging, or installing the skill.

Source path: skills/project-imaging-x-discovery/

GitHub path: https://github.com/uni-medical/Project-Imaging-X/tree/main/skills/project-imaging-x-discovery

If you spot any mistakes or have suggestions, feel free to reach out by email: yejin@pjlab.org.cn, huming@pjlab.org.cn, zongyuan.ge@moansh.edu, qiaoyu@pjlab.org.cn, chenyirong@pjlab.org.cn, hejunjun@pjlab.org.cn

📖 Citation

If you find this repository or our survey helpful in your research, please kindly cite our paper:

📄 Paper: project-imaging-x_dataset-survey

@misc{projectimagingx2025,
  title={Project Imaging-X: A Survey of 1000+ Open-Access Medical Imaging Datasets for Foundation Model Development},
  author={Project Imaging-X Contributors},
  year={2025},
  url={https://github.com/uni-medical/Project-Imaging-X}
}

🚀 Interactive Discovery Portal

coming soon...

🏥 Medical Datasets Overview

Comprehensive visualization of medical imaging datasets showing anatomical region distribution, imaging modalities, and AI task types, spanning the evolution of medical imaging from 2000 to 2025

🔍 Dataset Taxonomy & Statistical Analysis

Systematic categorization framework for efficient dataset discovery and organization

Statistical breakdown: (a) Data dimension distribution (b) Imaging modality distribution (c) Task type distribution (d) Anatomical organ distribution

🤖 Medical Foundation Model Development

These datasets form the foundation for training next-generation medical AI models, enabling breakthroughs in automated diagnosis and treatment planning.

📋 Table of Contents

🌍 Project Imaging-X

📊 2D Medical Imaging Datasets

2D medical imaging datasets represent the foundation of medical AI research, covering diverse modalities from traditional radiography to advanced optical coherence tomography.

👥 Dermoscopy

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#	Dataset	Year	Dim	Modality	Structure	Images	Label	Task	Diseases
1	ISIC18	2018	2D	Dermoscopy	Skin	2.7k	Yes	Seg	Skin lesion
2	ISIC20	2020	2D	Dermoscopy	Skin	33.1k	Yes	Cls	Benign melanoma, malignant melanoma
3	ISIC16	2016	2D	Dermoscopy	Skin	1.3k	Yes	Seg	Skin lesion
4	ISIC17	2016	2D	Dermoscopy	Skin	2.8k	Yes	Seg	Skin lesion
5	Derm7pt	2021	2D	Dermoscopy	Skin	2.0k	Yes	Cls	Skin lesion
6	ISIC19	2019	2D	Dermoscopy	Skin	25.3k	Yes	Cls	Cells
7	Fizpatrick 17k	2021	2D	Dermoscopy	Skin	16.6k	Yes	Cls	NA
8	MED-NODE	2015	2D	Dermoscopy	Skin	170	Yes	Cls	Brain
9	PAD-UFES-20	2020	2D	Dermoscopy	Skin	2.3k	Yes	Cls	Thoracic diseases
10	PH2	2014	2D	Dermoscopy	Skin	200	Yes	Cls	Cells
11	DFUC 2020	2020	2D	Dermoscopy	Foot	2.0k	Yes	Seg	Breast cancer
12	SD-128 / SD-198 / SD-260	2021	2D	Dermoscopy	Skin	6.6k	Yes	Cls	Fetal structure
13	ImageCLEF 2016	2015	2D	Multi	Skin, Cell, Breast	31k	Yes	Cls	Head
14	Monkeypox Skin Image Dataset	2022	2D	Dermoscopy	Skin	40.2k	Yes	Cls	Monkeypox
15	Vitiligo Images	2019	2D	Dermoscopy	Skin	368	No	NA	Vitiligo
16	ImageCLEF 2016	NA	2D	Multi	Skin, Cell, Breast	31k	Yes	Cls	NA

👁️‍🗨️ OCT

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#	Dataset	Year	Dim	Modality	Structure	Images	Label	Task	Diseases
1	OCT2017	2018	2D	OCT	Retina	83.5k	Yes	Cls	NA
2	Retinal OCT - C8	2021	2D	OCT	Retina	24k	Yes	Cls	NA
3	iChallenge - AGE19	2019	2D	OCT	Retina	1.6k	Yes	Cls	NA
4	DRAC22	2022	2D	OCT	Retina	174	Yes	Seg	Diabetic Retinopathy Lesions
5	iChallenge - GOALS	2022	2D	OCT	Retina	300	Yes	Seg	NA
6	Eye OCT Datasets	2021	2D	OCT	Retina	148	Yes	Cls	NA
7	APTOS-2021	2022	2D	OCT	Retina	2.6k	Yes	Pred	Diabetic Retinopathy
8	APTOS Cross-Country Datasets_stage1	2022	2D	OCT	Retina	2.6k	Yes	Pred	NA
9	MedMNIST	2020	2D	Multi	Retina, Breast, Lung	100k	Yes	Cls	NA
10	Canada OCT Retinal Images (Subset)	2018	2D	OCT	Retina	25	Yes	Seg	Retinal Structures
11	SinaFarsiu-002-Fang_TMI_2013	2013	2D	OCT	Retina	195	Yes	Seg	NA
12	SinaFarsiu-003-Fang_BOE_2012	2012	2D	OCT	Retina	51	Yes	Seg	NA
13	SinaFarsiu-008-Chiu_BOE_2012	2012	2D	OCT	Retina	23	Yes	Seg	NA
14	SinaFarsiu-009-Chiu_BOE_2013	2013	2D	OCT	Retina	840	Yes	Seg	NA
15	SinaFarsiu-010-Rabbani_IOVS_2014	2015	2D	OCT	Retina	24	Yes	Seg	NA
16	SinaFarsiu-012-Estrada_TMI_2015	2015	2D	OCT	Retina	60	Yes	Seg	NA
17	SinaFarsiu-013-Estrada_PAMI_2015	2015	2D	OCT	Retina	90	Yes	Seg	NA
18	SinaFarsiu-018-Yang_BOE_2021	2021	2D	OCT	Retina	784	Yes	Seg	NA
19	APTOS Cross-Country Datasets_stage2	2022	2D	OCT	Retina	3.3k	Yes	Pred	Diabetic Retinopathy

🌡️ Infrared

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#	Dataset	Year	Dim	Modality	Structure	Images	Label	Task	Diseases
1	RAVIR	2022	2D	Infrared	Retina	42	Yes	Seg	Blood vessel
2	MRL Eye Glasses cls	2018	2D	Infrared	Retina	84.9k	Yes	Cls	NA
3	MRL Eye Eye state cls	2018	2D	Infrared	Retina	84.9k	Yes	Cls	NA
4	MRL Eye Reflections cls	2018	2D	Infrared	Retina	84.9k	Yes	Cls	NA
5	MRL Eye Image quality cls	2018	2D	Infrared	Retina	84.9k	Yes	Cls	NA
6	MRL Eye Sensor type cls	2018	2D	Infrared	Retina	84.9k	Yes	Cls	NA

🩻 CT Datasets

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#	Dataset	Year	Dim	Modality	Structure	Images	Label	Task	Diseases
1	LoDoPaB-CT	2020	2D	CT	Lung	28	Yes	Recon	NA
2	5K+ CT Images on Fractured Limbs	2021	2D	CT	Limbs	24	Yes	Seg	Bone Fracture
3	AREN0534	2021	3D, 2D	Multi	Kidney, Lung	239	No	Est	Kidney Tumor
4	CT Medical Images	2017	2D	CT	Lung	475	Yes	Seg	NA
5	National Lung Screening Trial	2013	3D, 2D	CT, Pathology	Lung	26.7k	No	Cls	Lung Cancer
6	RSNA Intracranial Hemorrhage Detection	2019	2D	CT	Brain	874k	Yes	Loc	Intracranial Hemorrhage
7	CT diagnosis of COVID-19	2021	2D	CT	Lung	275	Yes	Cls	Lung COVID-19
8	COVID-19-CT SCAN IMAGES	2021	2D	CT	Lung	1.4k	Yes	Cls	Lung COVID-19
9	COVID_CT_COVID-CT	2021	2D	CT	Lung	746	Yes	Cls	Lung COVID-19
10	Chest CT-Scan images Dataset	2021	2D	CT	Lung	1k	Yes	Cls	Lung Cancer
11	Cranium Image Dataset	2020	2D	CT	Brain	50	Yes	Det	Intracranial Hemorrhage
12	SARS-COV-2 Ct-Scan Dataset	2021	2D	CT	Lung	2.5k	Yes	Cls	Lung Disease
13	MedMNIST	2020	2D	Multi	Retina, Breast, Lung	100k	Yes	Cls	Multi-disease
14	The Visible Human Project	1994	3D, 2D	CT, MR,	Full Body	2	No	NA	Skin Lesion
15	ImageCLEF 2016	2015	2D	Multi	Skin, Cell, Breast	31k	Yes	Cls	Head
16	RadImageNet (Subset: CT)	2022	2D	CT	Full Body	292.4k	Yes	Cls	Abdomen, lung,
17	Brain CT Images with ICH Masks	2019	2D	CT	Brain	82	Yes	Seg	Intracranial Hemorrhage
18	CMB-CRC	2022	3D, 2D	Multi	Colon	472	No	Seg, Cls	Colorectal Cancer
19	CMB-GEC	2022	3D, 2D	CT, WSI, PET	Brain	14	No	Seg, Cls	Melanoma
20	CMB-MEL	2022	3D, 2D	Multi	Brain	255	No	Seg	Melanoma
21	CMB-MML	2021	2D, 3D	Multi	NA	60	No	NA	Multiple Myeloma
22	CMB-PCA	2022	2D, 3D	CT, MR, WSI	Prostate	31	No	Cls, Pred	Prostate Cancer
23	CPTAC-LSCC_CT_PET	2018	2D, 3D	CT, PET, HistoPathology?	NA	238	No	NA	NA
24	Finding and Measuring Lungs in CT Data	2019	2D, 3D	CT	Lung	534	Yes	Seg	NA
25	Head CT Image Data	2019	2D	CT	Head	200	Yes	Cls	NA
26	LDCTIQAC2023	2023	2D	CT	NA	1k	Yes	Reg	NA
27	APOLLO-5	2022	2D, 3D	Multi	NA	6.2k	No	NA	NA
28	Lung-Fused-CT-Pathology	2018	2D, 3D	CT, HistoPathology?	Lung	36	Yes	Seg	Lung Disease
29	CMB-LCA	2022	2D, 3D	Multi	NA	0	No	NA	NA
30	RIDER Phantom PET-CT	2011	2D	CT, PET	NA	2.2k	No	NA	NA
31	AHOD0831	2022	3D, 2D	Multi	NA	0	No	NA	Hodgkin Lymphoma
32	Prostate-MRI	2011	3D, 2D	Multi	Prostate	26	No	NA	Prostate Cancer
33	AREN0532	2022	3D, 2D	Multi	NA	1k	No	NA	Wilms Tumor
34	ImageCLEF 2016 (Duplicate)	2015	2D	Multi	Skin, Cell, Breast	31k	Yes	Cls	Head
35	QUBIQ2020	2020	2D	CT, MR	Kidney, Pancreas,	150	Yes	Seg	NA
36	QUBIQ2021_2D_CT	2021	2D	CT, MR	Kidney, Pancreas,	268	Yes	Seg	NA

🦴 X-ray Datasets

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#	Dataset	Year	Dim	Modality	Structure	Images	Label	Task	Diseases
1	Chest X-ray	2018	2D	X-Ray	Lung	5.9k	Yes	Cls	Pneumonia
2	CoronaHack	2020	2D	X-Ray	Lung	5.9k	Yes	Cls	COVID-19, Pneumonia
3	NIH Chest X-ray 14	2017	2D	X-Ray	Lung	112.1k	Yes	Cls	Thorax diseases
4	COVIDx CXR-2	2020	2D	X-Ray	Lung	30.9k	Yes	Cls	COVID-19
5	Pneumothorax Masks X-Ray	2020	2D	X-Ray	Lung	12.0k	Yes	Seg	Pneumothorax
6	IRMA X-ray	2020	2D	X-Ray	Brain, Lung	14.7k	Yes	Cls	NA
7	Chest XR COVID-19	2021	2D	X-Ray	Lung	21.4k	Yes	Cls	COVID-19
8	COVID-19-Image	2020	2D	X-Ray	Lung	93	Yes	Cls	COVID-19
9	Chest X-ray PA Dataset	2021	2D	X-Ray	Lung	4.6k	No	Cls	COVID-19, Pneumonia
10	NHANES II X-ray	2021	2D	X-Ray	Lung	17.1k	No	NA	NA
11	KNOAP2020	2020	2D, 3D	MR, X-Ray	Knee	30	Yes	Pred	Osteoarthritis
12	AASCE	2019	2D	X-Ray	Spine	609	Yes	Reg	NA
13	Covid-19 Image Dataset	2021	2D	X-Ray	Lung	345	Yes	Cls	Lung diseases
14	Pulmonary Chest X-Ray (ChinaSet)	2021	2D	X-Ray	Lung	800	Yes	Cls	Lung diseases
15	MURA	2021	2D	X-Ray	Multi-bone	40.0k	Yes	Cls	Musculoskeletal
16	SIIM-ACR Pneumothorax Seg	2020	2D	X-Ray	Lung	12.1k	Yes	Seg	Pneumothorax
17	MIAS Mammography	2021	2D	X-Ray	Breast	322	Yes	Cls	Breast cancer
18	MedMNIST	2020	2D	Multi	Retina, Breast, Lung	100k	Yes	Cls	Multi-diseases
19	RSNA Pneumonia Detection	2018	2D	X-Ray	Lung	26.7k	Yes	Det	Lung diseases
20	VinBigData Chest X-ray	2020	2D	X-Ray	Lung	15.0k	Yes	Det	Heart atrium
21	CheXpert	2021	2D	X-Ray	Lung	224.3k	Yes	Cls	Diabetic retinopathy
22	SIIM-FISABIO-RSNA COVID-19	2021	2D	X-Ray	Lung	6.1k	Yes	Det	Tuberculosis
23	NODE21	2021	2D	X-Ray	Lung	5.5k	Yes	Det	Breast cancer
24	ImageCLEF 2016	2016	2D	Multi	Skin, Cell, Breast	31.0k	Yes	Cls	Head
25	TCB-Challenge	2016	2D	X-Ray	Bone	174	Yes	Cls	Osteoporotic bone
26	CRASS	2012	2D	X-Ray	Clavicle	518	Yes	Seg	Clavicles
27	COVIDGR	2020	2D	X-Ray	Lung	852	Yes	Cls	COVID-19
28	ChestX-Det	2021	2D	X-Ray	Lung	3.6k	Yes	Seg	Lung diseases
29	RANZCR CLiP	2020	2D	X-Ray	Breast	30.1k	Yes	Cls	NA
30	CPCXR	2020	2D	X-Ray	Lung	1.2k	Yes	NA	Pneumonia, COVID-19
31	JSRT	2000	2D	X-Ray	Lung	247	Yes	Cls	Lung nodule
32	Synthetic COVID-19 CXR	2020	2D	X-Ray	Lung	21.3k	Yes	Cls, Gen	COVID-19
33	Cephalometric X-ray Image	2014	2D	X-Ray	Skull	400	Yes	Loc	NA
34	CMB-CRC	2022	2D, 3D	Multi	Colon	472	No	Seg, Cls	Colorectal cancer
35	MIDRC-RICORD-1c	2021	2D	X-Ray	Lung	1.3k	Yes	Cls	NA
36	Chest X-ray Imaging	2017	2D	X-Ray	Lung	5.9k	Yes	Cls	NA
37	COVID-19 Chest X-ray DB	2021	2D	X-Ray	NA	3.9k	Yes	Cls	COVID-19
38	SZ-CXR	2018	2D	X-Ray	Lung	566	Yes	Seg	NA
39	Pulmonary Chest X-Ray Seg	2021	2D	X-Ray	Lung	800	Yes	Seg	Lung diseases
40	DENTEX	2023	2D	X-Ray	Brain	1.0k	Yes	Det	NA
41	CL-Detection2023	2023	2D	X-Ray	NA	555	Yes	Det	NA
42	ISBI2023 CEPHA29	NA	2D	X-Ray	NA	1.0k	Yes	Loc	NA
43	ARCADE	2023	2D	X-Ray	NA	1.5k	Yes	Seg	NA
44	MedFM2023	2023	2D	X-Ray	NA	4.8k	Yes	Cls	NA
45	CoronARe	NA	2D	X-Ray	NA	0	Yes	Recon	Coronary artery diseases
46	VICTRE	2019	2D	X-Ray	Breast	217.9k	No	NA	NA
47	APOLLO-5	2022	2D, 3D	Multi	NA	6.2k	No	NA	NA
48	CMB-LCA	2022	2D, 3D	Multi	NA	0	No	NA	NA
49	AHOD0831	2022	2D, 3D	Multi	NA	0	No	NA	Hodgkin Lymphoma
50	CheXmask	2023	2D	X-Ray	NA	676.8k	Yes	Seg	Lung diseases
51	Knee Osteoarthritis Dataset	2020	2D	X-Ray	Knee	0	Yes	Cls	Knee osteoarthritis
52	RUS_CHN	2021	2D	X-Ray	Hand	0	Yes	Cls	Hand joints
53	RSNA Bone Age	2017	2D	X-Ray	Hand	14.2k	Yes	Est	Hand bone
54	CXR-LT	2023	2D	X-Ray	Breast, Lung	377.1k	Yes	Cls	Multi-diseases
55	PENGWIN2024-Task2	2025	2D	X-Ray	Pelvic Bone	150	Yes	Seg	Pelvic bone fragments
56	ICG-CXR	2025	2D	X-Ray	Lung	11.4k	Yes	Gen	Lung diseases

🧠 MRI Datasets

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#	Dataset	Year	Dim	Modality	Structure	Images	Label	Task	Diseases
1	AREN0534	2021	2D, 3D	Multi	Kidney, Lung	239	No	Est	Kidney Tumor
2	KNOAP2020	2020	2D, 3D	MR, X-Ray	Knee	30	Yes	Pred	Osteoarthritis
3	braimMRI	2022	2D	MR	Brain	110	Yes	Seg	Brain Tumor
4	Brain-MRI	2020	2D	MR	Brain	110	Yes	Seg	Brain Disease
5	SpinalDisease2020	2020	2D	MR	Spine	150	Yes	Det	Spinal Disease
6	The Visible Human Project	1994	2D, 3D	CT, MR, Others	Full Body	2	No	NA	Skin Lesion
7	ImageCLEF 2016	2015	2D	Multi	Skin, Cell, Breast	31k	Yes	Cls	H
8	CMB-CRC	2022	2D, 3D	Multi	Colon	472	No	Seg, Cls	Colorectal Cancer
9	CMB-MML	2021	2D, 3D	Multi	NA	60	No	Pred	Multiple Myeloma
10	CMB-PCA	2022	2D, 3D	CT, MR, Histo	Prostate	31	No	Cls, Pred	Prostate Cancer
11	ICDC-Glioma (GLIOMA01)_3D-MR	2021	2D, 3D	MR, Histo	NA	650	No	NA	Glioma
12	Prostate Fused-MRI-Pathology	2016	2D, 3D	MR, Histo	Prostate (Pelvis)	29	No	NA	Prostate Cancer
13	Cardiac Atrial Images	2020	2D	MR	Atrium	8k	Yes	Seg	Cardiac Disease
14	APOLLO-5	2022	2D, 3D	Multi	NA	6.2k	No	NA	NA
15	CMB-LCA	2022	2D, 3D	Multi	NA	0	No	NA	Lung Cancer
16	AHOD0831	2022	2D, 3D	Multi	NA	0	No	NA	Hodgkin Lymphoma
17	Prostate-MRI	2011	2D, 3D	Multi	Prostate	26	No	NA	Prostate Cancer
18	AREN0532	2022	2D, 3D	Multi	NA	1k	No	NA	Wilms Tumor
19	ImageCLEF 2015	NA	2D, 3D	Multi	Skin, Cell, Breast	0	Yes	Cls	NA
20	RadImageNet (Subset: MR)	2022	2D	MR	Full Body	673k	Yes	Cls	Whole Body Abnorm.
21	QUBIQ2020	2020	2D	CT, MR	Kidney,	150	Yes	Seg	Pathologies
22	QUBIQ2021_2D_MR	2021	2D	CT, MR	Kidney,	268	Yes	Seg	Pathologies

👁️ Fundus Photography

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#	Dataset	Year	Dim	Modality	Structure	Images	Label	Task	Diseases
1	DRISHTI-GS	2014	2D	Fundus Photo	Retina	101	Yes	Seg	Optic Disc
2	CHASE	2009	2D	Fundus Photo	Retina	28	Yes	Seg	NA
3	STARE	2004	2D	Fundus Photo	Retina	40	Yes	Seg	NA
4	DRIVE	2003	2D	Fundus Photo	Retina	40	Yes	Seg	NA
5	IDRID2018	2018	2D	Fundus Photo	Retina	81	Yes	Seg, Cls	Diabetic Retinopathy
6	EyePACS	2015	2D	Fundus Photo	Retina	88.7k	Yes	Cls	Diabetic Retinopathy
7	DRHAGIS	2017	2D	Fundus Photo	Retina	40	Yes	Seg	DR Lesions
8	ODIR	2019	2D	Fundus Photo	Retina	8k	Yes	Cls	Ocular Diseases (DR screening)
9	RIADD (RFMiD)	2020	2D	Fundus Photo	Retina	3.2k	Yes	Cls	Retinal Diseases
10	MESSIDOR-2	2013	2D	Fundus Photo	Retina	1.7k	Yes	Cls	Diabetic Retinopathy
11	iChallenge-ADAM	2020	2D	Fundus Photo	Retina	400	Yes	Cls	Diabetic Retinopathy
12	AIROGS	2021	2D	Fundus Photo	Retina	101.4k	No	Cls	Diabetic Retinopathy
13	DiaRetDB	2009	2D	Fundus Photo	Retina	89	No	Det	DR Lesions
14	HRF	NA	2D	Fundus	Retina	45	No	Seg	NA
15	iChallenge-PALM19	2019	2D	Fundus	Retina	800	Yes	Seg	NA
16	Retina Fundus Image Reg.	2021	2D	Fundus Photo	Retina	129	Yes	Reg	NA
17	APTOS-2019	2021	2D	Fundus Photo	Retina	3.7k	Yes	Cls	Diabetic Retinopathy
18	MedMNIST	2020	2D	Multi	Retina, Breast, Lung	100k	Yes	Cls	NA
19	DeepDR-Task1	2020	2D	Fundus Photo	Eye Vessel	2k	Yes	Cls	Breast Cancer
20	ImageCLEF 2016	2015	2D	Multi	Skin, Cell, Breast	31k	Yes	Cls	Head
21	RITE	2013	2D	Fundus	Retina	40	Yes	Seg	Retinal Vessel
22	GAMMA (Task1, CFP)	2021	2D	Fundus (CFP)	Retina	200	Yes	Cls	Grading
23	RIM-ONE	2020	2D	Fundus	Retina	485	Yes	Seg	Optic Disc and Cup
24	APTOS 2019 Blindness Det.	2019	2D	Fundus	Retina	5.6k	Yes	Cls	Grading
25	Glaucoma Detection	2020	2D	Fundus	Retina	650	Yes	Cls	Glaucoma
26	ACRIMA	2019	2D	Fundus	Retina	705	Yes	Cls	Glaucoma
27	AO-SLO Photoreceptor Seg.	2013	2D	Fundus	Retina	840	Yes	Seg	AO-SLO Cone Photoreceptor
28	Arteriovenous Nicking	NA	2D	Fundus	Retina	90	Yes	Cls	Retinal Artery-Vein Nicking
29	Retina	2019	2D	Fundus	Retina	601	Yes	Cls	Fundus Diseases
30	Yangxi	2019	2D	Fundus	Retina	20.4k	Yes	Cls	Eye Axis
31	William Hoyt	2004	2D	Fundus	Retina	856	Yes	Cls	Fundus Diseases
32	Vampire	2011	2D	Fundus	Retina	8	Yes	Seg	Vessel
33	Retinal Fundus Imgs for Glaucoma	2018	2D	Fundus	Retina	2.9k	Yes	Cls	NA
34	RetinaCheck (IOSTAR)	2016	2D	Fundus	Retina	30	Yes	Seg	Vessel
35	Ophthalmic Slit Lamp	2018	2D	Fundus	Retina	60	No	NA	NA
36	Miles Iris	2013	2D	Fundus (Iris)	Retina	833	No	Cls	Retinal Structures
37	JSIEC	2019	2D	Fundus	Retina	1k	Yes	Cls	Fundus Diseases
38	INSPIRE (Stereo)	2011	2D	Fundus	Retina	30	Yes	Reg	NA
39	INSPIRE (AVR)	2011	2D	Fundus	Retina	40	Yes	Reg	NA
40	HRF Quality Assessment	2013	2D	Fundus	Retina	36	Yes	Reg	NA
41	HRF Segmentation	2013	2D	Fundus	Retina	45	Yes	Seg	Vessel
42	iChallenge-REFUGE2	2020	2D	Fundus Photo (CFP)	Retina	1.6k	Yes	Cls	Glaucoma
43	GAMMA	2021	2D, 3D	Fundus	Retina	200	Yes	Cls	NA
44	OIA-ODIR	2019	2D	Fundus	NA	10k	Yes	Cls	NA
45	VARPA	2019	2D	Fundus	Retina	58	Yes	Cls	NA
46	ORVS	2020	2D	Fundus	Retina	49	Yes	Seg	NA
47	Retinal Img Quality Assess	2020	2D	Fundus	Retina	216	Yes	Cls	NA
48	iChallenge-GAMMA_3D-OCT	2021	2D	Fundus	Retina	300	Yes	Seg	Glaucoma
49	DeepDR-Task2	2020	2D	Fundus	NA	2k	Yes	Reg	NA
50	DeepDR-Task3	2020	2D	Fundus	NA	246	Yes	Cls	NA
51	MMAC2023	2023	2D	Fundus	NA	0	Yes	Cls	NA
52	RFMiD 2.0	2023	2D	Fundus Photo	NA	860	Yes	Cls	Retinal Fundus Multi-Disease
53	MuReD	2022	2D	Fundus Photo	NA	2.2k	Yes	Cls	Retinal Diseases
54	[Retinal Vessel Tortuosity](http://bioimlab.dei.unipd.it/Retinal Vessel Tortuosity.htm)	2008	2D	Fundus Photo	Retina	60	Yes	Reg	NA
55	ImageCLEF 2016	NA	2D	Multi	Skin, Cell, Breast	31k	Yes	Cls	NA
56	PARAGUAY	NA	2D	Fundus Photo	NA	0	Yes	Cls	Diabetic Retinopathy
57	BEH	NA	2D	Fundus Photo	NA	0	Yes	NA	Glaucoma
58	BiDR	NA	2D	Fundus Photo	NA	0	Yes	NA	Diabetic Retinopathy
59	HarvardGlaucoma	NA	2D	Fundus Photo	NA	0	Yes	NA	Glaucoma
60	FUND	NA	2D	Fundus Photo	NA	0	Yes	NA	NA
61	LAG	NA	2D	Fundus Photo	NA	0	Yes	NA	Glaucoma
62	DHRF	NA	2D	Fundus Photo	Retina	6.2k	Yes	Cls	Diabetic Retinopathy
63	E-ophta	NA	2D	Fundus Photo	Retina	926	Yes	Seg	NA
64	FIVES	NA	2D	Fundus Photo	Retina	800	Yes	Seg	Vessel
65	OcularD	NA	2D	Fundus Photo	Retina	6.4k	Yes	Cls	NA
66	PAPILA	NA	2D	Fundus Photo	Retina	488	Yes	Seg	NA
67	Papilledema	2018	2D	Fundus Photo	Retina	1.4k	Yes	Cls	Papilledema
68	ROD	2023	2D	Fundus Photo	Retina	281	Yes	Cls	Retinal Occlusion
69	ToxoFundus	2023	2D	Fundus Photo	Retina	411	Yes	Cls	Ocular Toxoplasmosis
70	GAMMA (Task3, CFP)	2021	2D	Fundus (CFP)	Retina	200	Yes	Seg	Optic Disc and Cup
71	iChallenge-GAMMA_2D-Fundus	2021	2D	Fundus	Retina	300	Yes	Seg	Glaucoma

🧫 Histopathology

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#	Dataset	Year	Dim	Modality	Structure	Images	Label	Task	Diseases
1	PANDA_radboud	2020	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Prostate	5.1k	Yes	Seg	Prostate Cancer
2	Gleason	2019	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Prostate	331	Yes	Seg	Prostate Cancer
3	PathologyVQA	2020	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Full Body	5.0k	Yes	VQA	NA
4	SLN-Breast	2019	2D	Histopathology (WSI)	Lymph	166	Yes	Cls	Breast Lymph Node
5	MoNuSeg	2018	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Nuclei	51	Yes	Seg	NA
6	MoNuSAC2020	2019	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Lung, Prostate,	914	Yes	Seg	NA
7	DigestPath19	2019	2D	Histopathology (WSI)	Colon	212	Yes	Det	Signet Ring Cell
8	CAMELYON17	2016	2D	Histopathology (WSI)	Breast	500	Yes	Cls	Breast Cancer
9	ANHIR	2018	2D	Histopathology (WSI)	Kidney, Breast,	481	Yes	Reg	NA
10	Overlapping Cervical Cells	2015	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Cervix	17	Yes	Seg	Cervical Cells
11	MIDOG2022	2022	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Lung, Breast, Skin	405	Yes	Det	Mitotic Figure
12	ACROBAT	2023	2D	Histopathology (WSI)	Breast	750	Yes	Reg	NA
13	BRIGHT	2021	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Breast	5.1k	Yes	Cls	Pathological Benign
14	CoNIC2022	2022	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Colon	5.0k	Yes	Seg	Colon Nuclei
15	PanNuke	2021	2D	Histopathology (WSI)	Multi-organ	481	Yes	Seg, Cls	Multiple Cancers
16	Malignant Lymphoma Cls	2021	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Lymph	374	Yes	Cls	Lymphoma
17	PAIP2021	2021	2D	Histopathology (WSI)	Colon, Prostate	150	Yes	Det	Colon/Prostate Cancer
18	Breast Cancer Cell Seg	2021	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Breast	58	Yes	Seg	Breast Cancer
19	MedMNIST	2020	2D	Multi	Retina, Breast, Lung	100k	Yes	Cls	Multi-disease
20	Histopathologic Cancer Det	2018	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Lymph	220k	Yes	Cls	Breast Cancer
21	HuBMAP	2020	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Kidney	15	Yes	Seg	Kidney Tissue
22	ACDC-LungHP	2019	2D	Histopathology (WSI)	Lung	200	Yes	Seg	Lung Cancer
23	SegPC 2021	2021	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Blood	498	Yes	Seg	Plasma Cells
24	MIDOG2021	2021	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Full Body	200	Yes	Det	Prostate Cancer
25	Dermofit Image Library	2021	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Skin	1.3k	Yes	Cls	Lung Adenocarcinoma
26	Weakly Supervised Cell Seg	2022	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Full Body	30	Yes	Seg	Prostate Cancer
27	TIGER-wsibulk	2022	2D	Histopathology (WSI)	Breast	93	Yes	Seg	Pneumothorax
28	BCI	2022	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Breast	4.9k	Yes	Gen	Lesion
29	WSSS4LUAD	2021	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Lung	10.2k	Yes	Seg	Coronary Artery
30	Breast Cancer Seg	2019	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Breast	151	Yes	Seg	Neurons
31	NuCLS	2021	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Nuclei	3.1k	Yes	Seg	Kidney
32	ImageCLEF 2016	2015	2D	Multi	Skin, Cell, Breast	31k	Yes	Cls	Head
33	PAIP2020	2020	2D	Histopathology (WSI)	Liver	118	Yes	Cls	Colorectal Cancer
34	HEROHE	2019	2D	Histopathology (WSI)	Lung	510	Yes	Cls	GI diseases
35	Lymphocyte Assessment	2019	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Lymphocyte	20k	Yes	Cls	Lymphocyte Number
36	LYON19	2019	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Lymphocyte	441	Yes	Cls	Lymphocytes
37	GlaS	2015	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Cell	165	Yes	Seg	Colorectal Adenocarcinoma
38	CoNSeP	2018	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Colon	41	Yes	Seg	Colorectal Nuclei
39	PCam	2018	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Breast	328k	Yes	Seg	Metastatic Tissue
40	LC25000	2019	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Colon	25k	Yes	Cls	Lung and Colon Tissue
41	PanNuke (Seg)	2021	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Full Body	7.9k	Yes	Seg	Nucleus
42	BreakHis (40x)	2016	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Breast	2.0k	Yes	Cls	Breast Tumors
43	SICAPv2	2020	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Prostate	18.8k	Yes	Cls	Prostate Cancer
44	Kumar	2018	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Cell	54	Yes	Seg	Multi-organ Nuclei
45	HErlev	2008	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Cervix	5.6k	Yes	Cls	Cervical Cancer
46	CRC100K	2018	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Colon	100k	Yes	Cls	Colorectal Cancer
47	BRCA-M2C	2021	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Breast	120	Yes	Seg	Breast Cancer
48	warwick	2015	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Colon	330	Yes	Seg	Colorectal Gland
49	CRAG	2019	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Colon	213	Yes	Seg	Colorectal Cancer
50	Chaoyang	2021	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Blood	6.2k	Yes	Cls	Red Blood Cell
51	CMB-CRC	2022	3D, 2D	Multi	Colon	472	No	Seg, Cls	Colorectal Cancer
52	CMB-GEC	2022	3D, 2D	CT, Histopathology (WSI), PET	Brain	14	No	Seg, Cls	Melanoma
53	CMB-MEL	2022	3D, 2D	Multi	Brain	255	No	Seg	Melanoma
54	CMB-MML	2021	2D, 3D	Multi	NA	60	No	Pred	Multiple Myeloma
55	CMB-PCA	2022	2D, 3D	CT, MR, Histopathology (WSI)	Prostate	31	No	Cls, Pred	Prostate Cancer
56	AGGC22	2022	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Gland	150	Yes	Seg	Gland Segmentation
57	TUPAC	2015	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Brain	573	Yes	Reg	Breast Cancer
58	Prostate Fused-MRI-Pathology	2016	2D, 3D	MR, Histopathology (WSI)	Prostate	29	No	NA	Prostate Cancer
59	Malaria Cell Image Dataset	2021	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Cell	27.6k	Yes	Cls	Malaria
60	HEp-2 Cell Classification	2020	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Cell	13.6k	Yes	Cls	HEp-2 Cells
61	Breast Cancer Cell Seg Dataset	2020	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Breast, Cell	58	Yes	Seg	Breast Cancer
62	TIGER-wsirois	2022	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Breast	2.0k	Yes	Seg	Breast Cancer
63	TIGER-wsitils	2022	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Breast	82	Yes	Reg	Breast Cancer
64	Breast Cancer Cell Seg 2	2020	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Breast	58	Yes	Seg	Breast cancer
65	Malignant Lymphoma Cls Dataset	2020	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Lymph	374	Yes	Cls	Lymphoma
66	Lung and Colon Histopathology	2020	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Lung, Colon	25k	Yes	Cls	Lung and Colon Cancer
67	FocusPath	2020	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	NA	864	Yes	IQA	Histopathology Image
68	Blood Cell Images	2019	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Blood	12.5k	Yes	Det	Blood Cell
69	Colorectal Histology MNIST	2016	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Colon	5.0k	Yes	Cls	Colorectal Tissue
70	BreakHis 100x	2016	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Breast	9.1k	Yes	Cls	Breast Cancer
71	BreakHis 200x	2016	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Breast	9.1k	Yes	Cls	Breast Cancer
72	BreakHis 400x	2016	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Breast	9.1k	Yes	Cls	Breast Cancer
73	BCNB Task-1	2021	2D	Histopathology (WSI)	Breast	1.1k	Yes	Cls	Leukemia
74	BCNB Task-2	2021	2D	Histopathology (WSI)	Breast	1.1k	Yes	Cls	Breast Cancer
75	BCNB Task-3	2021	2D	Histopathology (WSI)	Breast	1.1k	Yes	Cls	Breast Cancer
76	BCNB Task-4	2021	2D	Histopathology (WSI)	Breast	1.1k	Yes	Cls	Breast Cancer
77	BCNB Task-5	2021	2D	Histopathology (WSI)	Breast	1.1k	Yes	Cls	Breast Cancer
78	BCNB Task-6	2021	2D	Histopathology (WSI)	Breast	1.1k	Yes	Cls	Breast Cancer
79	PANDA	2020	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Prostate	10.6k	Yes	Cls	Prostate Cancer
80	PANDA_karolinska	2020	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Prostate	5.5k	Yes	Seg	Prostate Cancer
81	PAIP 2023	2022	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Pancreas	103	Yes	Seg	Liver Cancer
82	ATEC23	2023	2D	Histopathology (WSI)	Ovary	468	Yes	Cls	Ovarian Cancer
83	ACROBAT2023	2023	2D	Histopathology (WSI)	Breast	1.2k	Yes	Reg	Breast Cancer
84	OCELOT2023	2023	2D	Histopathology (WSI)	Colon	667	Yes	Det	Colon Cancer
85	OCEAN	2023	2D	Histopathology (WSI)	Ovary	1.6k	Yes	Cls	Ovarian Cancer
86	Endo-Aid	2022	2D	Histopathology (WSI)	GI Tract	91	No	Cls	GI Polyps
87	PAIP2023	2022	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Pancreas	103	Yes	Seg	Pancreatic Cancer
88	PatchCamelyon	2018	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Lymph Node	295k	Yes	Cls	Metastatic Tissue
89	Bone Marrow Cytomorphology	2021	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Bone Marrow	171k	Yes	Cls	Blood Cells
90	Lung-Fused-CT-Pathology	2018	2D, 3D	CT, Histopathology (WSI)	Lung	36	Yes	Seg	Lung Cancer
91	HNSCC-mIF-mIHC	2020	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Head	Neck	3.2k	No	NA
92	SN-AM	2019	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Lymph Node	190	Yes	Seg	Melanoma
93	Ovarian Bevacizumab Response	2023	2D	Histopathology (WSI)	Ovary	285	No	NA	Ovarian Cancer
94	CMB-LCA	2022	2D, 3D	Multi	Lung	0	No	NA	Lung Cancer
95	CPTAC-COAD	2021	2D	Histopathology (WSI)	Colon	373	Yes	Cls	Colon Adenocarcinoma
96	Hungarian-Colorectal-Screening	2022	2D	Histopathology (WSI)	Colorectal	200	No	NA	Colorectal Polyps
97	DLBCL-Morphology	2022	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Lymph Node	246	Yes	Seg	DLBCL
98	CPTAC-OV	2021	2D	Histopathology (WSI)	Ovary	222	No	NA	Ovarian Cancer
99	CODEX imaging of HCC	2023	2D	Histopathology (WSI)	Liver	646	No	NA	Liver HCC
100	Prostate-MRI	2011	3D, 2D	Multi	Prostate	26	No	NA	Prostate Cancer
101	CPTAC-BRCA	2021	2D	Histopathology (WSI)	Breast	642	No	NA	Breast Cancer
102	AML-Cytomorphology_LMU	2019	2D	Histopathology (WSI)	Blood	18.4k	Yes	Cls	Acute Myeloid Leukemia
103	MiMM_SBILab	2019	2D	Histopathology (WSI)	Bone Marrow	85	Yes	Loc	Multiple Myeloma
104	Pan-Cancer-Nuclei-Seg	2020	2D	Histopathology (WSI)	Multi-organ	5.1k	Yes	Seg	Pan-Cancer
105	TIL-WSI-TCGA	2018	2D	Histopathology (WSI)	Multi-organ	5.2k	Yes	Cls	Pan-Cancer
106	C-NMC 2019	2019	2D	Histopathology (WSI)	Blood	15.1k	Yes	Cls	Leukemia
107	CPTAC-AML	2019	2D	Histopathology (WSI)	Bone Marrow	122	No	NA	Acute Myeloid Leukemia
108	CATCH	2022	2D	Histopathology (WSI)	Skin	350	Yes	Seg	Skin Cancer
109	NADT-Prostate	2021	2D	Histopathology (WSI)	Prostate	1.4k	No	NA	Prostate Cancer
110	HER2 tumor ROIs	2022	2D	Histopathology (WSI)	Breast	273	Yes	Seg	HER2+ Breast Cancer
111	CRC_FFPE-CODEX_CellNeighs	2020	2D	Histopathology (WSI)	Colorectal	200	No	NA	Colorectal Cancer
112	Post-NAT-BRCA	2019	2D	Histopathology (WSI)	Breast	96	Yes	Cls	Breast Cancer
113	Osteosarcoma Tumor Assessment	2019	2D	Histopathology (WSI)	Bone	1.1k	Yes	Cls	Osteosarcoma
114	Quilt-1M	2023	2D	Histopathology (Patch)	Multi-organ	1M	Yes	VQA	Multi-organ Pathology

🩺 Ultrasound

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#	Dataset	Year	Dim	Modality	Structure	Images	Label	Task	Diseases
1	HC18	2018	2D	US	Skull	1.3k	Yes	Meas	NA
2	BUSI	2019	2D	US	Breast	647	Yes	Seg	Breast Cancer
3	APOLLO-5	2022	2D, 3D	Multi	NA	6.2k	No	NA	NA
4	CMB-LCA	2022	2D, 3D	Multi	NA	0	No	NA	NA
5	ImageCLEF 2015	2015	2D, 3D	Multi	Skin, Cell, Breast	0	Yes	Cls	NA
6	ImageCLEF 2016	2016	2D	Multi	Skin, Cell, Breast	31k	Yes	Cls	Head
7	RadImageNet (Subset: US)	2022	2D	US	Full Body	390k	Yes	Cls	Abdominal Structures
8	BreastMNIST	2021	2D	US	Breast	156	Yes	Cls	Breast Cancer
9	AREN0534	2021	2D, 3D	Multi	Kidney, Lung	239	No	Est	Kidney Tumor
10	CLUST15	2015	2D	US	Liver	34	Yes	Track	NA
11	Ultrasound Nerve Segmentation	2016	2D	US	Brachial Plexus	11.3k	Yes	Seg	NA
12	TN-SCUI2020	2020	2D	US	Thyroid	3.6k	Yes	Seg	Leukemia
13	ImageCLEF 2016	2015	2D	Multi	Skin, Cell, Breast	31k	Yes	Cls	Head
14	CMB-CRC	2022	2D, 3D	Multi	Colon	472	No	Seg, Cls	Colorectal Cancer
15	CMB-MEL	2022	2D, 3D	Multi	Brain	255	No	Seg	Melanoma, Cerebral microbleed
16	PSFHS	2023	2D	US	NA	4.7k	Yes	Seg	NA
17	USenhance2023	2023	2D	US	NA	1.5k	Yes	Recon	NA
18	AREN0532	2022	2D, 3D	Multi	NA	1k	No	NA	Wilms Tumor
19	TN3K	2021	2D	US	Head and Neck	3.5k	Yes	Seg	Thyroid Nodules
20	CAMUS	2019	2D	US	Heart	1.8k	Yes	Seg	Cardiac Disease
21	DDTI	2020	2D	US	Thyroid	637	Yes	Seg	Thyroid Nodule

📹 Endoscopy

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#	Dataset	Year	Dim	Modality	Structure	Images	Label	Task	Diseases
1	Kavsir	2017	2D	Endoscopy	Colon	14k	Yes	Cls	NA
2	EndoSlam	2021	2D	Endoscopy	Colon, Liver, Stomach, Kidney	76.8k	Yes	Recon, Est	NA
3	SARAS-MESAD	2021	2D	Endoscopy	Prostate	50.3k	No	Det	GI disease
4	EAD19	2018	2D	Endoscopy	Stomach, Bladder, Colon	2.1k	Yes	Det	Endo Artifact
5	EndoCV2020-Sub Challenge1	2019	2D	Endoscopy	Colon	2.3k	Yes	Det, Seg	Polyp
6	EndoVis15	2015	2D	Endoscopy	Colon	612	Yes	Seg	Polyp
7	Surgical tool detection challenge (m2cai16-tool)	2016	2D	Endoscopy	Gallbladder	15	Yes	Det	NA
8	AIDA-E_1	2015	2D	Endoscopy	Stomach, Liver	181	Yes	Cls	Celiac Disease
9	AIDA-E_2	2015	2D	Endoscopy	Esophagus	157	Yes	Cls	Barrett's Esophagus
10	AIDA-E_3	2015	2D	Endoscopy	Stomach, Colon	88	Yes	Cls	Metaplasia, Dysplasia
11	CVC-ClinicDB	2021	2D	Endoscopy	Bowel	1.4k	Yes	Seg	Polyp
12	Kvasir-SEG	2020	2D	Endoscopy	Bowel	8k	Yes	Seg	NA
13	FetReg	2022	2D	Endoscopy	Uterus	2.7k	Yes	Seg	Placental Vasculature
14	SARAS-ESAD	2020	2D	Endoscopy	Bowel	33.4k	Yes	Det	Skin lesion
15	ImageCLEF 2016	2015	2D	Multi	Skin, Cell, Breast	31k	Yes	Cls	H
16	ISBI-AIDA-CECI	2015	2D	Endoscopy	Liver, Stomach	181	Yes	Cls	Celiac diseases
17	SUN-SEG	2022	2D+Video	Endoscopy	Colon	49.1k	Yes	Seg, Det, Cls	Polyp
18	HyperKvasir	2020	2D+Video	Endoscopy	Esophagus, Stomach, Colon	6.5k	Yes	Cls, Caption, Loc	GI disease
19	Gastrointestinal Image ANAlysis (GIANA)	2016	2D	Endoscopy	Colon	600	Yes	Cls	Vascular Malformation
20	EndoVis 2015 - DAGI	2015	2D	Endoscopy	NA	389	Yes	Det	Cholecystectomy
21	EndoVis 2015 - EBCD	2015	2D	Endoscopy	NA	150	Yes	Seg	Barrett's Epithelium
22	EndoCV2020-Sub Challenge2	2019	2D	Endoscopy	NA	386	Yes	Det	NA
23	EndoVis 2015 - APDCV	2015	2D	Endoscopy	NA	612	Yes	Seg	Colonic Polyp
24	EndoVis 2015 - IST_2D-Endoscopy	2015	2D+Video	Endoscopy	NA	100	Yes	Seg	Surgical Instruments
25	EndoVis 2018 - RSS	2018	2D	Endoscopy	NA	2.8k	Yes	Seg	Surgical Instruments
26	ISBI-AIDA-EMIBS	2015	2D	Endoscopy	NA	262	Yes	Cls	Gastric
27	ISBI-AIDA-GCICS	2015	2D	Endoscopy	NA	176	Yes	Cls	Gastric
28	EndoVis2023-SIMS	2023	2D	Endoscopy	NA	0	Yes	Seg	Endoscopy
29	EndoVis2023-Syn-ISS	2023	2D	Endoscopy	NA	0	Yes	Seg	NA
30	P2ILF	2022	2D+3D	Endoscopy	NA	15	Yes	Reg	Multi-organ
31	EndoVis2023-SurgRIPE	2023	2D	Endoscopy	NA	0	Yes	Est	NA
32	m2caiSeg	2020	2D	Endoscopy	Instrument	614	Yes	Seg	NA
33	CVC-EndoSceneStill	NA	2D	Endoscopy	NA	3.4k	Yes	Seg	Polyp
34	Endo-FM	NA	2D+Video	Endoscopy	NA	0	Yes	Seg, Cls, Det	NA
35	SegSTRONG-C	NA	2D+Video	Endoscopy	NA	17	Yes	Seg	NA
36	SegCol	NA	2D+Video	Colposcopy, Endoscopy	NA	78	Yes	Seg	NA
37	FedSurg	2024	2D+Video	Endoscopy	NA	30	Yes	Cls	Laparoscopic appendectomy
38	ColonINST	2024	2D+Text	Endoscopy	Colon	303,001 images & 450,724 VQA entires	Yes	VQA	Pathlogical findings
39	ColonVQA	2025	2D+Text	Endoscopy	Colon	212,742 images & 1,100,786 VQA entires	Yes	VQA	Pathlogical findings

🔬 Microscopy

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#	Dataset	Year	Dim	Modality	Structure	Images	Label	Task	Diseases
1	CellTracking2019	2019	2D	Microscopy	Cell	1.4M	Yes	Tracking	NA
2	CREMI	2016	2D	Microscopy	Brain	375	Yes	Seg	NA
3	Bacteria Detection	2021	2D	Microscopy	NA	366	Yes	Seg	NA
4	Blood Cell Images	2021	2D	Microscopy	Blood	12.5k	Yes	Cls	Blood
5	Leukemia Classification	2021	2D	Microscopy	NA	15.1k	Yes	Cls	Leukemia
6	CellTracking2021	2021	2D+3D+Video	Microscopy	Cell	0	Yes	Tracking, Seg	Lung Disease
7	B-ALL Classification	2018	2D	Microscopy	Cell	15.1k	Yes	Cls	Brain Tumor
8	2018 Data Science Bowl	2018	2D	Microscopy	Nuclei	670	Yes	Seg	Skin Lesions
9	GSB2016	2015	2D	Multi	Skin, Cell, Breast	31k	Yes	Cls	Head
10	OCCISC (SemSeg)	2014	2D	Microscopy	Cell	945	Yes	Seg	Cervical Cytology
11	ICIAR 2018 (Microscopy)	2017	2D	Microscopy	Breast	400	Yes	Cls	Breast Cancer
12	CBC (Counting)	2019	2D	Microscopy	Full Body	420	Yes	Reg	NA
13	HuSHeM	2017	2D	Microscopy	Pelvic	216	Yes	Cls	Sperm Head Morphology
14	Kaggle-HPA	2021	2D	Microscopy	NA	89.5k	Yes	Seg	Protein Localization
15	nanni2016texture	2016	2D	Microscopy	Retina	195	Yes	Cls	Cell Shape
16	Corneal Endothelial Cell	2019	2D	Microscopy	Retina	385	Yes	Seg	NA
17	Corneal Nerve	2008	2D	Microscopy	Retina	90	Yes	Cls	Corneal Abnormalities
18	Corneal Nerve Tortuosity	2011	2D	Microscopy	Retina	30	Yes	Cls	Nerve Tortuosity
19	Cervix93 Cytology	2018	2D	Microscopy	Cervix	93	Yes	Cls	Cervical Cancer
20	DLBCL-Morph	2020	2D	Microscopy	Retina	152.2k	Yes	Reg	DLBCL Lymphoma
21	2-PM Vessel Dataset	2016	2D	Microscopy	Vessel	12	Yes	Seg	NA
22	BBBC041	2012	2D	Microscopy	Cell	1.3k	Yes	Seg	Malaria
23	FMD	2019	2D	Microscopy	Surface	5.1k	Yes	Cls, Seg	Surface Defect
24	Blood Cell Detection	2022	2D	Microscopy	NA	874	Yes	Det	NA
25	Tuberculosis Image	2020	2D	Microscopy	NA	1.3k	Yes	Det	Tuberculosis
26	MHSMA	2019	2D	Microscopy	NA	1.5k	Yes	Cls	NA
27	ICIAR 2018 (Microscopy)	2017	2D	Microscopy, WSI	NA	400	Yes	Seg	Breast Cancer
28	ImageCLEF 2016	2016	2D	Multi	Skin, Cell, Breast	31k	Yes	Cls	NA
29	CellTracking2024	2024	2D+3D+Video	Microscopy	Cell	0	Yes	Tracking, Seg	NA
30	CellTracking2022	2022	2D+3D+Video	Microscopy	Cell	0	Yes	Tracking, Seg	NA
31	CellTracking2023	2023	2D+3D+Video	Microscopy	Cell	0	Yes	Tracking, Seg	NA
32	OCCISC (InstSeg)	2014	2D	Microscopy	Cell	945	Yes	Seg	NA
33	CBC (Detection)	2019	2D	Microscopy	Full Body	420	Yes	Det	NA
34	ICIAR 2018 (WSI)	2018	2D	Microscopy, WSI	NA	400	Yes	Seg	Breast Cancer

☢️ PET

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#	Dataset	Year	Dim	Modality	Structure	Images	Label	Task	Diseases
1	AREN0534	2021	3D, 2D	Multi	Kidney, Lung	239	No	Est	Kidney
2	ImageCLEF 2016	2015	2D	Multi	Skin, Cell, Breast	31k	Yes	Cls	H
3	CMB-CRC	2022	3D, 2D	Multi	Colon	472	No	Seg, Cls	Colorectal Cancer (H
4	CMB-GEC	2022	3D, 2D	CT, WSI, PET	Brain	14	No	Seg, Cls	Melanoma (Cerebral microbleeds)
5	CMB-MEL	2022	3D, 2D	Multi	Brain	255	No	Seg	Melanoma (Cerebral microbleeds)
6	CMB-MML	2021	2D, 3D	Multi	NA	60	No	Pred	Multiple Myeloma
7	CPTAC-LSCC_CT_PET	2018	2D, 3D	CT, PET, Histo	NA	238	No	NA	NA
8	APOLLO-5	2022	2D, 3D	Multi	NA	6.2k	No	NA	NA
9	RIDER Phantom PET-CT	2011	2D	CT, PET	NA	2.2k	No	NA	NA
10	AHOD0831	2022	3D, 2D	Multi	NA	0	No	NA	Hodgkin Lymphoma
11	AREN0532	2022	3D, 2D	Multi	NA	1k	No	NA	Wilms Tumor

🧩 Others

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#	Dataset	Year	Dim	Modality	Structure	Images	Label	Task	Diseases
1	Intel & MobileODT Cervical Cancer Screening	2017	2D	Colposcopy	Vagina	1,993	Yes	Cls	Cervical cancer
2	ADDI ALZHEIMER'S DETECTION CHALLENGE	2021	2D	Series Data	NA	34,614	Yes	Cls	Lung adenocarcinoma
3	The Digital Mammography DREAM Challenge	2016	2D	Mammography	Breast	640,000	Yes	Cls	Atrophic AMD
4	BigNeuron	2016	2D	NA	Brain	2,166	Yes	Recon	Diabetic foot ulcer
5	Human Activity Classification with Radar	2019	2D	Others	NA	1,854	Yes	Cls	NA
6	KvasirCapsule-SEG	2021	2D	Colposcopy (Capsule)	Polyp	55	Yes	Seg	Polyp
7	SCDB	2020	2D	Others	Skin	4	Yes	Cls	Skin lesion
8	ROSE	NA	2D	OCTA (CT)	Eye	229	Yes	Seg	NA
9	CMMD	2021	2D	Mammography	Breast	1,775	Yes	Seg, Cls	Breast Cancer
10	Br35H	2022	2D	MR	Brain	3,000	Yes	Cls	Brain Tumor
11	CDD-CESM	2021	2D	Mammography	NA	2,006	Yes	Seg, Cls	Breast Cancer
12	OralCancer	2020	2D	Digital Photography	Lip, Tongue	131	Yes	Cls	Oral Cancer
13	Oral_Diseases	2023	2D	Digital Photography	NA	12,944	Yes	Cls, Det	Dental conditions
14	MRL Eye Gender	2018	2D	Infrared Reflectance Imaging	Retina	84,898	Yes	Cls	NA
15	MITOS-ATYPIA-14	2013	2D	Biopsy slides	Breast	1,420	Yes	Cls	Breast Cancer
16	VinDr-Mammo	NA	2D	Mammography	Breast	19,992	Yes	Det	Breast Cancer
17	VinDr-SpineXR	NA	2D	X-ray	Spine	10,469	Yes	NA	Spinal Lesions
18	VinDr-PCXR	NA	2D	X-ray	Chest	9,125	Yes	NA	NA
19	VinDr-CXR	NA	2D	X-ray	Chest	18,000	Yes	NA	NA
20	HAM10000	NA	2D	Dermoscopy	Skin	10,015	Yes	Cls	Skin Cancer
21	RFMiD	NA	2D	Fundus	Retina	3,200	Yes	Cls	Ophthalmic Diseases
22	Chaksu	NA	2D	Fundus	Retina	1,345	Yes	Seg	Glaucoma
23	PBC_dataset_normal_DIB	NA	2D	Microscopy	Blood	0	Yes	Cls	NA

🧊 3D Medical Imaging Datasets

3D datasets provide richer spatial information that is essential for volumetric analysis and clinical decision making.

🩻 3D CT Datasets

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#	Dataset	Year	Dim	Modality	Structure	Volumes	Label	Task	Diseases
1	TotalSegmentator	2022	3D	CT	Full Body	1204	Yes	Seg	Varied pathologies
2	AutoPET	2022	3D	CT/PET	Whole-body	1014	Yes	Seg	Cancer
3	AutoPET II	2023	3D	CT/ PET	Whole-body	1219	Yes	Seg	Cancer
4	ULS23	2023	3D	CT	Chest, Abdomen, Pelvis	39468	Yes	Seg	Oncological lesions
5	DeepLesion	2018	2D/3D	CT	Bone, Abdomen, Mediastinum, Liver, Lung, Kidney...	32735	Yes	Det	Various lesions
6	CT-ORG	2019	3D	CT	Bladder, Bone, Brain, Kidney, Liver, Lung	140	Yes	Seg	Liver lesions, Metastatic disease
7	SegTHOR	2019	3D	CT	Heart, Aorta, Trachea, Esophagus	60	Yes	Seg	Lung cancer
8	AbdomenAtlas	2024	3D	CT	Abdomen	20460	Yes	Seg	Multi-organ
9	CT-RATE	2024	3D	CT	Chest	50188	Yes	Cls	Chest abnormalities
10	M3D	2024	3D	CT/MR	Whole-body	120000	Yes	Seg/Rec/Reg/Loc	Multiple pathologies
11	AMOS22	2022	3D	CT/MR	Abdomen	600	Yes	Seg	Multi-disease
12	AMOS-MM	2024	3D	CT	Abdomen	2300	Yes	syn/Rec	Abdominal diseases
13	FLARE21	2021	3D	CT	Liver, Kidney, Spleen, Pancreas	511	Yes	Seg	Multi-organ
14	FLARE22	2022	3D	CT	Abdomen	2300	Yes	Seg	Pan-cancer
15	FLARE23	2023	3D	CT	Abdomen	4500	Yes	Seg	Pan-cancer
16	WORD	2021	3D	CT	Abdomen	150	Yes	Seg	Cancer
17	RAOS	2024	3D	CT/MR	Abdomen	4130	Yes	Seg	Abdominal cancers
18	SLIVER07	2007	3D	CT	Liver	30	Yes	Seg	Liver
19	LiTS	2017	3D	CT	Liver	201	Yes	Seg	Liver tumors
20	Pancreas-CT	2016	3D	CT	Pancreas	80	Yes	Seg	Healthy controls
21	CHAOS CT	2019	3D	CT	Liver	40	Yes	Seg	Healthy subjects
22	CHAOS MRI	2019	3D	CT/MR	Abdomen	160	Yes	Seg	Healthy
23	KiTS19	2019	3D	CT	Kidneys	300	Yes	Seg	Kidney cancer
24	KiTS21	2021	3D	CT	Kidneys	400	Yes	Seg	Kidney diseases
25	KiTS23	2023	3D	CT	Kidneys	599	Yes	Seg	Kidney cancer
26	KiPA22	2022	3D	CT	Kidney	130	Yes	Seg	Renal Cancer
27	AbdomenCT-1K	2021	3D	CT	Abdomen	1062	Yes	Seg	Multi-disease cases
28	MSD03-Liver	2018	3D	CT	Liver	210	Yes	Seg	Liver cancer
29	MSD06-Lung	2018	3D	CT	Lung	96	Yes	Seg	Lung cancer
30	MSD07-Pancreas	2018	3D	CT	Pancreas	420	Yes	Seg	Pancreatic masses
31	MSD08-HepaticVessel	2018	3D	CT	Liver	443	Yes	Seg	Liver tumors
32	MSD09-Spleen	2018	3D	CT	Spleen	61	Yes	Seg	N/A
33	MSD10-Colon	2018	3D	CT	Colon	190	Yes	Seg	Colorectal Cancer
34	EXACT09	2009	3D	CT	Lung	40	Yes	Seg	Lung diseases
35	LOLA11	2011	3D	CT	Chest	55	Yes	Seg	Lung abnormalities
36	LUNA16	2016	3D	CT	Lung	888	Yes	Det/Cls	Lung cancer
37	ATM'22	2022	3D	CT	Lung	500	Yes	Seg	Pulmonary diseases
38	AIIB23	2023	3D	CT	Airway	312	Yes	Seg	Fibrotic lung disease
39	BIMCV COVID-19+	2020	2D/ 3D	CT/ X-RAY	Lung	2428	Yes	Seg/ Cls/ Loc	COVID-19 pneumonia
40	COVID-19-AR	2020	2D/ 3D	CT/ X-RAY	Chest	105	Yes	Cls	COVID-19
41	CT Images in COVID-19	2020	3D	CT	Chest	771	No	Cls	COVID-19 pneumonia
42	Chest CT Scans with COVID-19	2020	3D	CT	Chest	20	Yes	Cls	COVID-19
43	MIDRC-RICORD-1a	2020	3D	CT	Chest	120	Yes	Seg/Cls	COVID-19
44	COVID-19-20 Lung CT Lesion Segmentation Challenge	2020	3D	CT	Lung	295	Yes	Seg	COVID-19
45	COVID-19-NY-SBU	2021	2D/ 3D	CT/ MR/ PET/ X-RAY	Brain/ Chest	1384	No	Cls	COVID-19
46	COVID19-CT-1000	2021	2D/ 3D	CT	Lung	1000	Yes	Cls	COVID-19
47	MIDRC-RICORD-1B	2021	3D	CT	Chest	120	Yes	Cls	COVID-19 negative
48	STOIC2021	2021	3D	CT	Lung	10735	Yes	Cls	COVID-19
49	COVID-19 CT scans	2021	3D	CT	Lung	20	Yes	Seg	COVID-19 infection
50	COV19-CT-DB	2022	3D	CT	Chest	7750	Yes	Cls	COVID-19
51	LNQ2023	2023	3D	CT	Chest	513	Yes	Seg	Lymph node metastases
52	Parse2022	2022	3D	CT	Pulmonary artery	200	Yes	Seg	Pulmonary hypertension
53	LNDb	2019	3D	CT	Lung	294	Yes	Cls/Det/Seg	Lung cancer
54	FUMPE	2018	3D	CT	Lung	35	Yes	Seg/Det	Pulmonary embolism
55	InSTANCE2022	2022	3D	CT	Brain	200	Yes	Seg	Intracranial Hemorrhage
56	ISLES 2024	2024	3D	CT/MR	Brain	250	Yes	Seg	Acute/subacute ischemic stroke
57	HaN-Seg	2023	3D	CT/MR	Head and Neck	42	Yes	Seg	Head and Neck Cancer
58	SegRap2023	2023	3D	CT	Head, Neck	400	Yes	Seg	Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
59	PDDCA	2015	3D	CT	Brainstem, Mandible, Optic nerves, Chiasm, Paro...	48	Yes	Seg	Head and neck cancer
60	StructSeg2019 Task 1	2019	3D	CT	Head and Neck	60	Yes	Seg	Head and Neck Cancer
61	StructSeg2019 Task 2	2019	3D	CT	Head and Neck	60	Yes	Seg	Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
62	StructSeg2019 Task 3	2019	3D	CT	Chest	60	Yes	Seg	Lung cancer
63	StructSeg2019 Task 4	2019	3D	CT	Lung	60	Yes	Seg	Lung cancer
64	Learn2Reg Lung CT	2020	3D	CT	Thorax	30	Yes	Reg	Respiratory motion
65	Learn2Reg NLST	2022	3D	CT	Thorax	420	Yes	Reg	Lung cancer
66	Learn2Reg Abdomen CT-CT	2020	3D	CT	Abdomen	50	Yes	Reg	Multi-organ
67	Learn2Reg Abdomen MR-CT	2021	3D	CT/MRI	Abdomen	122	Yes	Reg	Multi-modal
68	Continuous Registration	2019	3D	CT/MR	Lung/Brain	142	Yes	Reg	Respiratory motion/COPD
69	Continuous Registration DIRLAB	2018	3D	CT	Lungs	20	Yes	Reg/lmk	Respiratory-induced motion
70	Continuous Registration EMPIRE	2010	3D	CT	Lungs	60	Yes	Reg	Lung conditions
71	HECKTOR 2020	2020	3D	CT/ PET	Head and Neck	254	Yes	Seg	Head and Neck Cancer
72	HECKTOR 2021	2021	3D	CT/ PET	Head and Neck	325	Yes	Seg/ Reg	Head and Neck Cancer
73	HECKTOR 2022	2022	3D	CT/ PET	Head and Neck	883	Yes	Seg/ Reg	Head and Neck Cancer
74	VerSe19	2019	3D	CT	Spine	160	Yes	Seg/Lab	Spine diseases
75	VerSe20	2020	3D	CT	Spine	300	Yes	Seg/Lab	Spine diseases
76	CTSpine1K	2021	3D	CT	Spine	1005	Yes	Seg	Spine diseases
77	CTPelvic1K	2020	3D	CT	Pelvic	1184	Yes	Seg	Pelvic bone conditions
78	RibFrac2020	2020	3D	CT	Ribs	660	Yes	Seg/Cls/Det	Rib fractures
79	BTCV Abdomen	2015	3D	CT	Abdomen	50	Yes	Seg	N/A
80	BTCV Cervical	2015	3D	CT	Cervix	50	Yes	Seg	Cervical cancer
81	ACRIN-HNSCC-FDG-PET-CT (ACRIN 6685)	2016	3D	CT/MR/NM/PET	Head and Neck	260	Yes	Cls	Head and Neck Cancer
82	ACRIN-DSC-MR-Brain (ACRIN 6677)	2019	2D/3D	CT/MR	Brain	123	Yes	Cls	Glioblastoma
83	ACRIN-FLT-Breast (ACRIN 6688)	2017	3D	CT/ PET	Breast	83	Yes	Cls	Breast Cancer
84	ACRIN-FMISO-Brain (ACRIN 6684)	2016	3D	CT/MR/ PET	Brain	45	Yes	Seg/Cls	Glioblastoma
85	ACRIN-NSCLC-FDG-PET (ACRIN 6668)	2020	3D	CT/ PET	Lung	242	Yes	Cls	Lung cancer
86	AREN0532	2022	2D/3D	CR/ CT/ MR/ PET/ RTIMAGE/ US	Kidney	544	No	Cls	Wilms tumor
87	AREN0532-Tumor-Annotations	2023	3D	CT/MR	Kidney	543	Yes	Seg	Wilms' Tumor
88	AREN0533	2022	3D	CR/ CT/ MR/ US	Kidney	294	No	Cls	Wilms tumor
89	AREN0533-Tumor-Annotations	2023	3D	CR/ CT/ MR/ US	Kidney	294	Yes	Seg	Wilms tumor
90	AREN0534	2021	2D/ 3D	CT/ MR/ PET/ US	Kidney	239	Yes	Seg	Wilms tumor
91	AHOD0831	2022	2D/3D	CR/ CT/ DX/ MR/ NM/ OT/ PET/ SC/ XA	Lymphatic	165	Yes	Seg	Hodgkin Lymphoma
92	AHOD0831-Tumor-Annotations	2023	3D	CT/ PET	Lymph nodes, spleen, salivary glands, Waldeyer'...	165	Yes	Seg	Hodgkin Lymphoma
93	HNSCC-3DCT-RT	2018	3D	CT	Head and Neck	31	Yes	Seg	Head and Neck Cancer
94	HNSCC	2020	3D	CT/MR/PET	Head and Neck	627	Yes	Seg	Head and Neck Cancer
95	CT COLONOGRAPHY	2015	3D	CT	Colon	825	Yes	Cls	Colon Cancer
96	CT-Lymph-Nodes	2015	2D/3D	CT	Mediastinum / Abdomen	176	Yes	Det/Seg	Lymphadenopathy
97	CC-Radiomics-Phantom	2017	3D	CT	Phantom	17	No	Cls	Lung cancer
98	CC-Radiomics-Phantom-2	2019	3D	CT	Phantom	251	No	-	Phantom study
99	CC-Radiomics-Phantom-3	2019	3D	CT	Head/Chest	275	Yes	Seg	N/A
100	CC-Tumor Heterogeneity	2023	3D	CT/MR/ PET	Cervix	23	Yes	Seg/Cls	Cervical cancer
101	TCGA-BLCA	2014	3D	CT/ MR/ PET/ X-RAY	Bladder	120	No	Cls	Bladder carcinoma
102	TCGA-COAD	2014	3D	CT	Colon	25	No	Cls	Colon cancer
103	TCGA-ESCA	2014	3D	CT	Esophagus	16	No	Cls	Esophageal carcinoma
104	TCGA-GBM	2014	3D	CT/ DX/ MR	Brain	575	No	Cls	Glioblastoma Multiforme
105	TCGA-HNSC	2014	3D	CT/ MR/ PET	Head and Neck	479	No	Cls	Head and Neck Cancer
106	TCGA-KICH	2016	3D	CT/MR	Kidney	15	No	Cls	Kidney cancer
107	TCGA-KIRC	2016	3D	CR/CT/MR	Kidney	2654	Yes	Cls	Kidney cancer
108	TCGA-KIRC-Radiogenomics	2015	3D	CT/MR	Kidney	103	Yes	Cls	Renal cell carcinoma
109	TCGA-KIRP	2014	3D	CT/ MR/ PET	Kidney	33	No	Cls	Kidney cancer
110	TCGA-LGG	2014	3D	CT/MR	Brain	199	Yes	Cls	Lower Grade Glioma
111	TCGA-LIHC	2014	2D/3D	CT/MR/ PET	Liver	97	No	Cls	Liver cancer
112	TCGA-LUAD	2016	3D	CT/ NM/ PT	Lung	69	No	Cls	Lung cancer
113	TCGA-LUSC	2016	3D	CT/ PET	Lung	37	No	Cls	Lung cancer
114	TCGA-OV	2016	3D	CT/ MR/ OT	Ovary	143	No	Cls	Ovarian cancer
115	TCGA-OV-Radiogenomics	2016	3D	CT	Ovary	93	Yes	Cls	Ovarian cancer
116	TCGA-OV-Proteogenomics	2020	3D	CT	Ovary	20	No	Seg	Ovarian cancer
117	TCGA-PRAD	2015	3D	CT/MR/PET	Prostate	14	No	Cls	Prostate cancer
118	TCGA-READ	2014	3D	CT/MR	Rectum	3	No	Cls	Rectum adenocarcinoma
119	TCGA-SARC	2014	3D	CT/MR	Chest/ Abdomen/ Leg/ Spine	33	No	Cls	Sarcoma
120	TCGA-UCEC	2020	3D	CT/ MR/ PET/ X-RAY	Uterus	65	No	Cls	Uterine cancer
121	CPTAC-CCRCC	2018	2D/ 3D	CT/ MICROSCOPY/ MR	Kidney	262	Yes	Cls	Renal cell carcinoma
122	CPTAC-CM	2018	2D/ 3D	CT/ MR/ PT	Skin	95	No	Cls/ Seg	Cutaneous Melanoma
123	CPTAC-GBM	2018	2D/ 3D	CT/ MICROSCOPY/ MR	Brain	200	No	Cls	Glioblastoma
124	CPTAC-HNSCC	2018	3D	CT/MR/WSI	Head and Neck	207	Yes	Cls	Head and Neck Cancer
125	CPTAC-LSCC	2018	2D/3D	CT/ MICROSCOPY/ PET	Lung	212	No	Cls	Lung cancer
126	CPTAC-LUAD	2018	2D/ 3D	CT/ MR/ PET	Lung	244	No	Cls	Lung cancer
127	CPTAC-PDA	2018	3D	CT/ MR/ PET/ US	Pancreas	168	No	Cls	Pancreatic cancer
128	CPTAC-SAR	2019	2D/ 3D	CT/ MR/ PET/ US	Abdomen/ Arm/ Bladder/ Chest/ Head–Neck/ Kidney/ Leg/...	88	No	Cls	Sarcomas
129	CPTAC-UCEC	2019	2D/ 3D	CT/ MR/ PET/ US	Uterus	250	No	Cls	Endometrial Carcinoma
130	NSCLC-Radiomics	2014	3D	CT	Lung	422	Yes	Seg/Cls	Lung cancer
131	NSCLC-Radiomics-Genomics	2014	3D	CT	Lung	89	Yes	Cls	Lung cancer
132	NSCLC-Radiogenomics	2015	3D	CT/ PET	Chest	211	Yes	Seg/ Cls	Lung cancer
133	NSCLC-Cetuximab (RTOG-0617)	2018	3D	CT	Chest	490	No	Cls	Lung cancer
134	NSCLC-Radiomics-Interobserver1	2019	3D	CT	Lung	22	Yes	Seg	Lung cancer
135	CMB-CRC	2022	2D/3D	CT/ MR/ PET/ US/ WSI	Colon	12	No	Cls	Colorectal Cancer
136	CMB-GEC	2022	2D/3D	CT/ MICROSCOPY/ MR/ PET	Esophagus	17	No	Seg/Cls	Gastroesophageal Cancer
137	CMB-LCA	2022	2D/3D	CT/ DX/ MR/ NM/ PT/ US	Lung	16	No	Cls	Lung cancer
138	CMB-MEL	2022	2D/ 3D	CT/ PET/ US/ WSI	Skin	40	No	Cls	Melanoma
139	CMB-MML	2022	2D/3D	CR/ CT/ DX/ HISTOPATHOLOGY/ MR/ PET/ XA	Blood/Bone	138	No	Cls	Multiple Myeloma
140	CMB-PCA	2022	2D/3D	CT/ DX/ MR/ NM/ PET/ RF	Prostate	50	No	Cls	Prostate cancer
141	Crowds-Cure-2017	2017	3D	CT	Lung, Kidney, Liver, Ovary	352	Yes	Seg/Det	Cancer
142	Crowds-Cure-2018	2019	3D	CT	Bladder/ Brain/ Colon/ Head-Neck/ Kidney/ Lung/ Pancr	324	Yes	Det/Reg	Metastatic diseases
143	QIN-Breast	2015	3D	CT/ MR/ PET	Breast	68	Yes	Cls	Breast cancer
144	QIN-HEADNECK	2015	3D	CT/ PET	Head and Neck	279	Yes	Seg	Head and neck carcinomas
145	QIN LUNG CT	2015	3D	CT	Lung	47	No	Cls	Lung cancer
146	QIN-LungCT-Seg	2015	3D	CT	Chest	31	Yes	Seg	Lung cancer
147	QIBA CT-1C	2011	3D	CT	Phantom	1	Yes	Seg	N/A
148	QIBA-VolCT-1B	2020	3D	CT	Lung	40	Yes	Seg	Lung cancer
149	QIBA-CT-Liver-Phantom	2021	3D	CT	Liver	684	No	Seg/Det	Liver pathology
150	Multi-Modality Vertebra Recognition	2015	2D/3D	CT/MR	Spine	0	Yes	Loc/Reg/Rec	Spine diseases
151	xVertSeg	2016	3D	CT	Lumbar vertebrae	25	Yes	Seg/Cls	Vertebral fractures
152	Computational Methods and Clinical Applications for Spine Imaging	2015	3D	CT	Spine	312	Yes	Seg/Loc	Spinal diseases
153	ACNS0332	2021	3D	CT/MR	Brain/Spine	85	Yes	Seg	Brain cancer
154	AHEP0731	2021	3D	CT/ MR/ PET/ US/ XA	Liver/ Chest	190	No	Seg/ Cls	Liver Cancer
155	Anti-PD-1 Lung	2019	3D	CT/ PET/ SC	Lung	46	No	Cls	Lung cancer
156	Anti-PD-1 Immunotherapy Melanoma	2019	3D	CT/ MR/ PT	Skin	47	No	Cls	Melanoma
157	BREAST-DIAGNOSIS	2011	2D/ 3D	CT/ MG/ MR/ PT	Breast	88	Yes	Cls	Breast cancer
158	CALGB50303	2021	3D	CT/ PET	Chest/ Abdomen/ Pelvis	155	Yes	Cls	Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
159	ELCAP Public Lung Image Database	2003	3D	CT	Lung	50	Yes	Det	Lung nodules
160	GLIS-RT	2021	2D/3D	CT/MR	Brain	230	Yes	Seg/Reg	Brain tumors
161	HEAR-EU	2017	3D	CT	Cochlea	80	Yes	Seg	Sensorineural hearing loss
162	Head-Neck Cetuximab (RTOG 0522)	2013	3D	CT/ PET	Head and Neck	111	No	Cls	Head and Neck Carcinomas
163	Head-Neck-PET-CT	2017	3D	CT/ PET	Head and Neck	298	Yes	Seg/ Cls	Head and Neck Cancer
164	Head-Neck-Radiomics-HN1	2019	3D	CT/ PET	Head/ Neck	137	Yes	Seg	Head and Neck Cancer
165	LCTSC	2017	3D	CT	Lung	60	Yes	Seg	Lung cancer
166	LDCT-and-Projection-data	2020	3D	CT	Head, Chest, Abdomen	299	Yes	Rec	Various pathologies
167	LIDC-IDRI	2011	3D	CT	Lung	1018	Yes	Seg/Det	Lung cancer
168	Lung-PET-CT-Dx	2020	3D	CT/ PET	Lung	355	Yes	Cls/ Det	Lung cancer
169	LungCT-Diagnosis	2014	3D	CT	Lung	61	Yes	Cls	Lung cancer
170	National Lung Screening Trial (NLST)	2013	3D	CT/ MICROSCOPY	Chest	26254	Yes	Cls	Lung cancer
171	OPC-Radiomics	2020	3D	CT	Head and Neck	606	Yes	Seg/Cls	Oropharyngeal Carcinoma
172	Parkinson	2010	3D	MR/ PET/ SPECT	Brain	683	Yes	Cls	Parkinson's Disease
173	Pediatric-CT-SEG	2021	3D	CT	Chest/ Abdomen/ Pelvis	359	Yes	Seg	Non-cancer pediatric exams
174	Public Lung Database To Address Drug Response	2009	3D	CT	Lung	93	Yes	Seg/Det	Lung cancer
175	QIDW	2015	3D	CT/ MR/ PET/ US	Lung	52000	No	Cls	Quality assurance
176	RIDER Lung PET-CT	2015	3D	CT/ PET	Lung	243	No	Cls	Lung cancer
177	SMIR Full Body CT	2013	3D	CT	Skeleton	50	No	Seg	-
178	SPIE-AAPM Lung CT Challenge	2015	3D	CT	Lung	70	Yes	Cls	Lung cancer
179	Vestibular-Schwannoma-SEG	2021	3D	MR/ RTDOSE/ RTPLAN/ RTSTRUCT	Brain	242	Yes	Seg	Vestibular schwannoma
180	MM-WHS	2017	3D	CT/MR	Heart	120	Yes	Seg	Cardiac conditions
181	Soft-tissue-Sarcoma	2015	3D	CT/ MR/ PET	Extremities	51	Yes	Seg/Cls	Soft-tissue sarcoma
182	Seg Soft Tissue	2021	3D	CT/MR/PET	Soft tissue	51	Yes	Seg	Soft-tissue sarcomas (preprocessed)
183	Left Atrial Wall Thickness Challenge	2016	3D	CT/MR	Heart	20	Yes	Seg	Atrial Fibrillation
184	MELA22	2022	3D	CT	Mediastinum	1100	Yes	Det	Mediastinal lesions
185	Head and Neck Auto Segmentation Challenge	2015	3D	CT	Brainstem, Mandible, Chiasm, Optic Nerves, Paro...	48	Yes	Seg	Head and Neck Neoplasms
186	RSNA STR Pulmonary Embolism Detection	2020	3D	CT	Lung	12195	Yes	Cls/Det	Pulmonary embolism
187	KNIGHT	2021	3D	CT	Kidney	400	Yes	Cls	Renal cancer
188	Data Science Bowl 2017	2017	3D	CT	Lungs	2101	Yes	Cls	Lung cancer
189	OSIC Pulmonary Fibrosis Progression	2020	3D	CT	Lung	200	Yes	Reg	Pulmonary fibrosis
190	The Visible Human Project	1994	2D/3D	CT/MR	Full Body	2	No	Atlas	Anatomical reference
191	ABCs	2020	3D	CT/MR	Brain	75	Yes	Seg	Glioma
192	MATCH	2021	2D/3D	CT/X-RAY	Lung	9	Yes	Loc/Trk	Lung cancer
193	CTVIE19	2019	3D	CT	Lung	64	Yes	Seg	Lung cancer
194	ImageCLEFtuberculosis 2018	2018	3D	CT	Chest	1513	Yes	Cls	Tuberculosis
195	ImageCLEF 2017 Tuberculosis	2017	3D	CT	Chest	944	Yes	Cls	Tuberculosis
196	fastPET-LD	2021	3D	CT/ PET	Whole Body	68	Yes	Det	Oncologic Imaging
197	Low Dose CT	2016	3D	CT	Liver	30	Yes	Det	Liver lesions
198	LUMIC	2018	3D	CT	Lung	13	Yes	Reg/Seg	Pulmonary perfusion defects
199	CAD-PE	2013	3D	CT	Liver	91	Yes	Seg	Pulmonary Embolism
200	ANODE09	2009	3D	CT	Lung	55	Yes	Det	Lung cancer
201	VESSEL12	2012	3D	CT	Lung	20	Yes	Seg	Respiratory diseases
202	RIDER Lung CT	2015	3D	CT	Lung	32	Yes	Seg	Lung cancer
203	OpenKBP	2020	3D	CT	Head and Neck	340	Yes	Reg	Head and Neck Cancer
204	CT-vs-PET-Ventilation-Imaging	2022	3D	CT/ PET	Lung	20	No	Cls	Lung cancer
205	HCC-TACE-Seg	2021	3D	CT	Liver	105	Yes	Seg	Liver cancer
206	MOOD 2022-abdominal	2022	3D	CT	Abdomen	550	Yes	Seg/Cls	Anomalies
207	StageII-Colorectal-CT	2022	3D	CT	Abdomen	230	No	Cls	Colorectal cancer
208	Pseudo-PHI-DICOM-Data	2021	2D/3D	CT/MR/PET/X-RAY	Various	21	No	Reg	Various cancers
209	4D-Lung	2016	3D	CT	Lung	20	Yes	Seg	Lung cancer
210	Lung Phantom	2015	3D	CT	Thorax	1	No	Seg	Synthetic lung nodules
211	NaF PROSTATE	2013	3D	CT/ PET	Prostate	9	No	Cls	Prostate cancer
212	EndoVis 2022 - P2ILF 3D-CT	2022	3D	CT/ENDOSCOPY	Liver	15	Yes	Seg	Liver Tumor
213	Finding and Measuring Lungs in CT Data	2019	2D/3D	CT	Lungs	538	Yes	Seg	Lung diseases
214	SynthRAD2023	2023	3D	CT/MR	Brain, Pelvis	1080	Yes	Syn	Oncological
215	IACTA-EST2023	2023	3D	CT	Brain	402	Yes	Cls	Acute Ischemic Stroke
216	ISBI2023 challenge - APIS	2023	3D	CT	Brain	96	Yes	Seg	N/A
217	AUTO-RTP	2022	3D	CT	Prostate, Seminal Vesicles, Pelvic Lymph Nodes	10	Yes	Seg	Prostate cancer
218	Subsolid Nodules	2025	3D	CT	Lung	59	Yes	Seg	Lung cancer
219	DICOM-LIDC-IDRI-Nodules	2018	3D	CT	Lung	875	Yes	Seg	Lung cancer
220	Burdenko-GBM-Progression	2023	3D	CT/MR	Brain	180	Yes	Seg/Cls	Glioblastoma
221	PDMR-833975-119-R	2020	3D	CT/MR/PET	Pancreas	20	No	Cls	Pancreatic adenocarcinoma
222	APOLLO-5-LSCC	2021	3D	CT/PET	Lung	36	Yes	Seg	Lung squamous cell carcinoma
223	APOLLO-5-LUAD	2021	3D	CT	Lung	5	Yes	Seg	Lung adenocarcinoma
224	APOLLO-5-ESCA	2021	3D	CT	Esophagus	4	Yes	Seg	Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
225	APOLLO-5-PAAD	2021	3D	CT	Pancreas	1	Yes	Seg	Pancreatic adenocarcinoma
226	APOLLO-5-THYM	2021	3D	CT	Thymus	4	Yes	Seg	Thymoma
227	Lung-Fused-CT-Pathology	2018	2D/3D	CT/MICROSCOPY	Lung	6	Yes	Seg	Lung cancer
228	LUAD-CT-Survival	2017	3D	CT	Lung (Thorax)	40	Yes	Seg	Lung Adenocarcinoma
229	ARAR0331	2022	3D	CT/MR/ PET	Head	108	Yes	Seg	Nasopharyngeal cancer
230	GammaKnife-Hippocampal	2022	3D	CT/ MR/ RTSTRUCT	Hippocampus	390	Yes	Seg	Brain conditions
231	A091105	2023	3D	CT/MR	Soft tissue	83	No	Seg	Desmoid tumors
232	Colorectal-Liver-Metastases	2023	3D	CT/SEG	Liver	197	Yes	Seg	Colorectal cancer liver metastases
233	Head-Neck-CT-Atlas	2017	3D	CT/ MR/ PET	Head/Neck	215	Yes	Seg	Head and neck cancer
234	NRG-1308 (RTOG 1308)	2015	3D	CT	Lung	12	Yes	Seg	Lung cancer
235	Phantom FDA	2015	3D	CT	Lungs	7	No	Reg	Lung cancer
236	CTpred-Sunitinib-panNET	2022	3D	CT	Pancreas	38	Yes	Cls	Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors
237	CALGB50303-Tumor-Annotations	2023	3D	CT/ PET	Lymphatic system	155	Yes	Seg/ Cls	Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
238	RIDER-LungCT-Seg	2020	3D	CT	Lung	31	Yes	Seg	Lung cancer
239	Radiomic-Feature-Standards	2020	3D	CT	Chest	13	Yes	Seg	Lung cancer
240	PleThora	2020	3D	CT	Thoracic	402	Yes	Seg	Lung cancer
241	MRI-DIR	2018	3D	CT/MR	Head-Neck	9	No	Reg	Head and Neck Cancer
242	Ivy Glioblastoma Atlas Project (IvyGAP)	2016	3D	CT/MR	Brain	39	Yes	Seg/Cls	Glioblastoma
243	RIDER Pilot	2023	2D/3D	CR/CT/DX	Lung	8	No	Cls	Lung cancer
244	RADCURE	2024	3D	CT	Head and Neck	3346	Yes	Seg	Head and Neck Cancer
245	Adrenal-ACC-Ki67-Seg	2023	3D	CT	Adrenal	53	Yes	Seg	Adrenocortical carcinoma
246	Prostate-Anatomical-Edge-Cases	2023	3D	CT	Prostate, Rectum, Bladder, Femoral Heads	131	Yes	Seg	Prostate Cancer
247	3D-IRCADb	2010	3D	CT	Liver	20	Yes	Seg	Liver tumors
248	SEG.A. 2023	2023	3D	CT	Aorta	56	Yes	Seg	Aortic diseases
249	P2ILF	2022	2D/3D	CT/MR	Liver	186	Yes	Seg/Reg	Liver cancer
250	SynthStrip	2022	2D/3D	CT/MR/PET	Brain	622	Yes	Seg	Glioblastoma
251	MOOD	2024	3D	CT/MR	Brain/Abdomen	1358	Yes	Det/Loc	Incidental pathologies
252	PENGWIN2024-Task1	2024	3D	CT	Pelvis	150	Yes	Seg	Pelvic fractures
253	TriALS2024-Task1	2024	3D	CT	Liver	201	Yes	Seg	Liver tumors
254	TriALS2024-Task2	2024	3D	CT	Liver	240	Yes	Seg	Hepatocellular carcinoma
255	National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) 2D-Pathology	2013	2D/3D	CT/ MICROSCOPY	Chest	451	Yes	Cls	Lung cancer
256	QUBIQ2021 3D CT	2021	3D	CT	Pancreas	118	Yes	Seg	Pancreatic lesions
257	orCaScore	2014	3D	CT	Heart	72	Yes	Det/Seg	Cardiovascular diseases
258	INSPECT	2023	3D	CT	Lungs	23248	Yes	Cls	Pulmonary embolism
259	BIMCV-R	2024	2D/3D	CT	Thoracic	8069	Yes	Rec	Multiple diseases
260	Mandibular-CT-Dataset	2018	3D	CT	Mandible	10	Yes	Seg	N/A
261	Semi-TeethSeg	2023	2D/3D	CT/X-RAY	Teeth	38000	Yes	Seg	Dental issues

🧠 3D MR Datasets

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#	Dataset	Year	Dim	Modality	Structure	Volumes	Label	Task	Diseases
1	TotalSegmentator MRI	2024	3D	MR	Whole-body	616	Yes	Seg	Various pathologies
2	ACDC	2017	3D	MR	Heart	150	Yes	Seg/ Cls	Cardiac conditions
3	M&Ms	2020	3D	MR	Heart	375	Yes	Seg	Cardiac diseases
4	M&Ms-2	2021	3D	MR	Heart	360	Yes	Seg	Cardiac conditions
5	LAScarQS 2022	2022	3D	MR	Heart	194	Yes	Seg/Quan	Left atrial scar quantification and segmentation
6	LAScarQS++ 2024	2024	3D	MR	Heart	200+	Yes	Seg/Quan	Multi-center left atrial and scar segmentation
7	MyoPS2020	2020	3D	MR	Heart	45	Yes	Seg	Myocardial infarction
8	MyoPS++ 2024	2024	3D	MR	Heart	200+	Yes	Seg	Multi-center myocardial pathology
9	MM-WHS	2017	3D	CT/MR	Heart	120	Yes	Seg	Cardiac conditions
10	WHS++ 2024	2024	3D	CT/MR	Heart	200+	Yes	Seg	Multi-center whole heart segmentation
11	CuRIOUS2018-MR FLAIR	2018	3D	MR/ US	Brain	33	Yes	Reg	Brain tumors
12	CuRIOUS2018-US	2018	3D	MR/ US	Brain	32	Yes	Reg	Brain tumors
13	CuRIOUS2018-MR T1W	2018	3D	MR/ US	Brain	33	Yes	Reg	Brain tumor
14	CuRIOUS2019-MR-FLAIR	2019	3D	MR/ US	Brain	32	Yes	Reg	Low-grade gliomas
15	CuRIOUS2019	2019	3D	MR/ US	Brain	33	Yes	Reg	Brain tumor
16	CuRIOUS2019 US	2019	3D	MR/ US	Brain	33	Yes	Reg	Low-grade gliomas
17	CuRIOUS2019-MR T1W	2019	3D	MR/ US	Brain	33	Yes	Reg	Brain tumor
18	CuRIOUS2022	2022	3D	MR/ US	Brain	33	Yes	Seg	Low-grade gliomas
19	CrossMoDA2021	2021	3D	MR	Brain	347	Yes	Seg	Vestibular Schwannoma
20	CrossMoDA2022	2022	3D	MR	Brain	347	Yes	Seg/ Cls	Vestibular Schwannoma
21	CrossMoDA2023	2023	3D	MR	Brain	544	Yes	Seg	Vestibular Schwannoma
22	OASIS-1	2007	3D	MR	Brain	416	Yes	Seg/ Cls	Alzheimer's Disease
23	OASIS-2	2010	3D	MR	Brain	1200	Yes	Cls	Alzheimer's Disease
24	OASIS-3	2019	3D	CT/MR/ PET	Brain	5699	Yes	Seg/Cls	Alzheimer's Disease
25	Learn2Reg OASIS	2020	3D	MR	Brain	416	Yes	Reg	Alzheimer's Disease
26	Learn2Reg Hippocampus MR	2020	3D	MR	Brain	263	Yes	Reg	Anatomical segmentation
27	Learn2Reg LUMIR	2024	3D	MR/US	Brain	269	Yes	Reg	Multi-modal
28	PROMISE09	2009	3D	MR	Prostate	15	Yes	Seg	Prostate cancer
29	PROMISE12	2012	3D	MR	Prostate	50	Yes	Seg	Prostate cancer
30	Prostate-3T	2013	3D	MR	Prostate	64	Yes	Seg	Prostate cancer
31	Prostate-Diagnosis	2015	3D	MR	Prostate	92	Yes	Seg/ Cls	Prostate cancer
32	PROSTATEx	2016	3D	MR	Prostate	204	Yes	Cls	Prostate cancer
33	PROSTATEx-2	2017	3D	MR	Prostate	162	Yes	Cls	Prostate cancer
34	QIN Breast DCE-MR	2014	3D	MR	Breast	10	Yes	Seg	Breast cancer
35	QIN-SARCOMA	2014	3D	MR	Breast, Calf, Chest, Elbow, Knee, Leg, Shoulder...	15	No	Cls	Soft-tissue sarcoma
36	QIN GBM Treatment Response	2015	2D/ 3D	MR	Brain	54	No	Cls	Glioblastoma Multiforme
37	QIN-BRAIN-DSC-MR	2016	3D	MR	Brain	49	Yes	Seg	Glioma
38	QIN-PROSTATE-Repeatability	2018	3D	MR	Prostate	15	Yes	Seg	Prostate cancer
39	QIN-BREAST-02	2019	3D	MR	Breast	13	No	Cls	Breast cancer
40	Prostate-MR-US-Biopsy	2020	3D	MR/ US	Prostate	1151	Yes	Reg/Seg	Prostate Cancer
41	Prostate MR Segmentation Dataset	2020	3D	MR	Prostate	116	Yes	Seg	Prostate cancer
42	PROSTATEx-Seg-Zones	2020	3D	MR	Prostate	98	Yes	Seg	Prostate cancer
43	PROSTATEx-Seg-HiRes	2020	3D	MR	Prostate	66	Yes	Seg	Prostate cancer
44	PI-CAI	2022	3D	MR	Prostate	1500	Yes	Seg/ Cls	Prostate cancer
45	$$-RegPro2023	2023	3D	MR/ US	Prostate	108	Yes	Reg/lmk	Prostate cancer
46	SKI10	2010	3D	MR	Bone, Cartilage	150	Yes	Seg	Osteoarthritis
47	TADPOLE	2017	3D	MR/ PET	Brain	1667	Yes	Cls/ Reg	Alzheimer's Disease
48	MSSEG-2	2021	3D	MR	Brain	100	Yes	Seg	Multiple sclerosis
49	MSSEG 2016	2016	2D/ 3D	MR	Brain	15	Yes	Seg	Multiple sclerosis
50	MSSEG 2008	2008	3D	MR	Brain	38	Yes	Seg	Multiple Sclerosis
51	Cam-CAN	2015	3D	MEG/ MR	Brain	3000	No	Cls	Healthy ageing
52	ISLES 2015	2015	3D	MR	Brain	114	Yes	Seg	Ischemic stroke
53	ISLES 2016	2016	3D	MR	Brain	75	Yes	Seg	Ischemic stroke
54	ISLES 2017	2017	3D	MR	Brain	75	Yes	Seg	Ischemic stroke
55	ISLES 2018	2018	3D	MR	Brain	103	Yes	Seg	Ischemic stroke
56	ISLES 2022	2022	3D	MR	Brain	400	Yes	Seg	Ischemic stroke
57	ISLES 2024	2024	3D	MR	Brain	250	Yes	Seg	Acute/subacute ischemic stroke
58	WMH	2017	3D	MR	Brain	170	Yes	Seg	White matter hyperintensities
59	BraTS 2012	2012	3D	MR	Brain	50	Yes	Seg	Glioma
60	BraTS 2013	2013	3D	MR	Brain	60	Yes	Seg	Glioma
61	BraTS 2014	2014	3D	MR	Brain	238	Yes	Seg	Glioma
62	BraTS 2015	2015	3D	MR	Brain	253	Yes	Seg/Prog	Glioma
63	BraTS 2016	2016	3D	MR	Brain	391	Yes	Seg/Prog	Glioma
64	BraTS 2017	2017	3D	MR	Brain	477	Yes	Seg/Surv	Glioma
65	BraTS 2018	2018	3D	MR	Brain	542	Yes	Seg/Surv	Glioma
66	BraTS 2019	2019	3D	MR	Brain	626	Yes	Seg/Surv	Glioma
67	BraTS 2020	2020	3D	MR	Brain	660	Yes	Seg/Surv	Glioma
68	BraTS 2021	2021	3D	MR	Brain	2040	Yes	Seg/MGMT	Glioma
69	BraTS 2022	2022	3D	MR	Brain	1470	Yes	Seg	Glioma
70	BraTS 2023	2023	3D	MR	Brain	5880	Yes	Seg	Glioma
71	MSD01 BrainTumour	2018	3D	MR	Brain	750	Yes	Seg	Brain tumor
72	MSD02 Heart	2018	3D	MR	Heart	30	Yes	Seg	Cardiac conditions
73	MSD04 Hippocampus	2018	3D	MR	Hippocampus	394	Yes	Seg	Anatomical segmentation
74	MSD05 Prostate	2018	3D	MR	Prostate	48	Yes	Seg	Prostate cancer
75	FeTA 2021	2021	3D	MR	Brain	50	Yes	Seg	Congenital Disorders
76	FeTA 2022	2022	3D	MR	Brain	80	Yes	Seg	Neurodevelopment disorders
77	fastMR	2020	2D/ 3D	MR	Brain/ Knee/ Prostate/ Breast	1594	No	Rec	Multi-organ
78	High Anisotropy MR	2013	3D	MR	Spine	17	No	Rec	Spine conditions
79	1000 Functional Connectomes Project	2010	3D	MR	Brain	1414	No	Cls	Adult ADHD
80	Language Processing Children	2022	3D	MR	Brain	322	Yes	Cls	Language impairment
81	ISPY1 (ACRIN 6657)	2016	3D	MR	Breast	847	Yes	Seg/ Cls	Breast cancer
82	ACRIN-Contralateral-Breast-MR	2021	3D	CR/MR	Breast	984	No	Cls	Breast Cancer
83	ACRIN 6698/I-SPY2 Breast DWI	2021	3D	MR	Breast	385	Yes	Seg/ Cls	Breast cancer
84	ADNI	2017	3D	MR/ PET	Brain	2500	No	Cls	Alzheimer's Disease
85	ADNIDOD	2017	3D	MR/ PET	Brain	195	No	Cls	Alzheimer's Disease
86	ABVIB	2017	3D	MR	Brain	280	No	Cls	Alzheimer's Disease
87	AIBL	2017	3D	MR/ PET	Brain	278	Yes	Cls	Alzheimer's Disease
88	AOMIC-ID1000	2021	3D	MR	Brain	928	No	Reg	Healthy adults
89	BOLD Verb Generation	2020	4D	MR	Brain	143	No	Reg	Developmental language disorder
90	Brain Correlates of Math Development	2018	3D	MR	Brain	132	No	Cls	Developmental disorders
91	Brain Segmentation Testing Protocol	2011	3D	MR	Brain	312	Yes	Seg	Alzheimer's Disease
92	BrainMetShare	2020	3D	MR	Brain	156	Yes	Seg	Brain metastases
93	Breast-MR-NACT-Pilot	2016	3D	MR	Breast	64	Yes	Seg	Breast cancer
94	CAMR Rat Brain MR Data	2020	3D	MR	Brain	264	No	Reg	Animal model study
95	Caltech Conte Center	2022	3D	MR	Brain	117	No	Cls	Healthy
96	Cognitive Training	2020	3D	MR	Brain	166	No	Cls	Cognitive training study
97	Colin 3T/7T High-resolution Atlas	2014	3D	MR	Brain	19	No	Reg	Brain diseases
98	Concrete Permuted Rule Operations	2021	3D	MR	Brain	96	No	Cls	Cognitive function
99	Cortical Myelin T1w/T2w	2021	3D	MR	Brain	86	No	Cls	Unipolar depressive disorders
100	Cross-Sectional Multidomain Lexical Processing	2019	3D	MR	Brain	91	No	Cls	Language processing study
101	Prefrontal Cortex Development	2021	3D	MR	Brain	90	No	Cls	Developmental study
102	Duke-Breast-Cancer-MR	2021	3D	MR	Breast	922	Yes	Seg/ Cls	Invasive breast cancer
103	Dynamic Passive Threat	2019	3D	MR	Brain	295200	No	Cls	Threat processing study
104	Emotion Regulation Ageing Brain	2020	3D	MR	Brain	34	No	Cls	Normal ageing
105	Resting State Bilinguals	2019	3D	MR	Brain	823	No	Cls	Healthy adults
106	Brain Genomics Superstruct Project (GSP)	2015	3D	MR	Brain	1570	No	Seg	Healthy adults
107	Human Connectome Project (HCP)	2017	3D	MR	Brain	1206	No	Cls/Rec	Healthy young adults
108	IXI Dataset	2024	3D	MR	Brain	600	No	Reg/Rec	Healthy adults
109	KNOAP2020	2020	2D/ 3D	MR/X-RAY	Knee	453	Yes	Cls	Knee Osteoarthritis
110	LGG-1p19qDeletion	2017	3D	MR	Brain	159	Yes	Seg/ Cls	Low Grade Glioma
111	Lausanne TOF-MRA Aneurysm Cohort	2021	3D	MR	Brain	284	Yes	Det	Brain aneurysm
112	MASiVar	2021	3D	MR	Brain	319	No	Trk	Healthy subjects
113	MIRIAD dataset	2013	3D	MR	Brain	708	No	Reg	Alzheimer's Disease
114	MPI-Leipzig Mind-Brain-Body	2019	3D	EEG/MR	Brain	318	No	Cls	Healthy cohort
115	Cue Induced Craving MR	2020	3D	MR	Brain	598	No	Rec	Normal neurophysiological states
116	Children Adults Animated Film MR	2018	3D	MR	Brain	155	No	Rec	Developmental study
117	Mouse rest multicentre	2019	3D	MR	Brain	255	No	Cls	Healthy mouse model
118	Multi-echo Cambridge	2018	3D	MR	Brain	89	No	Rec	Healthy neurotypical
119	NARPS	2019	3D	MR	Brain	108	No	Cls	Healthy participants
120	Narratives	2019	3D	MR	Brain	891	No	Cls	Healthy participants
121	Naturalistic Neuroimaging Database	2021	3D	MR	Brain	86	No	Cls	Healthy controls
122	Neurocognitive aging data release with behavioral	2022	3D	MR	Brain	301	No	Cls	Healthy cognitive aging
123	PETfrog	2020	3D	MR/ PET	Brain	238	No	Cls	Brain development
124	Pragmatic Language	2021	3D	MR	Brain	145	No	Loc	Pragmatic comprehension deficits
125	REMBRANDT	2014	3D	MR	Brain	130	Yes	Seg/ Cls	Gliomas
126	SIMON Dataset	2019	3D	MR	Brain	73	No	Reg	Healthy Control
127	SUDMEX CONN	2021	3D	MR	Brain	138	No	Cls	Cocaine use disorder
128	Serum Grey Matter Cortical Thickness	2020	3D	MR	Brain	143	No	Reg	Brain morphometry study
129	Speech disfluencies: Neurophysiological aspect in normal population	2021	3D	MR	Brain	81	No	Cls	Speech disorders
130	T1 Chronotype Sleep Study	2021	3D	MR	Brain	136	No	Cls	Healthy
131	TCGA-GBM-QI-Radiogenomics	2014	3D	MR	Brain	55	Yes	Seg	Glioblastoma
132	TCGA-GBM-Radiogenomics	2014	3D	MR	Brain	75	Yes	Seg	Glioblastoma
133	TCGA-BRCA	2014	2D/ 3D	MG/MR	Breast	139	No	Cls	Breast cancer
134	TCGA-CESC	2014	3D	MR	Cervix	54	No	Cls	Cervical cancer
135	TCGA-Breast-Radiogenomics	2015	3D	MR	Breast	84	Yes	Seg/ Cls	Breast cancer
136	BraTS-TCGA-GBM	2017	3D	MR	Brain	135	Yes	Seg	Glioma
137	BraTS-TCGA-LGG	2017	3D	MR	Brain	108	Yes	Seg	Glioma
138	TCGA-LGG-Mask	2017	3D	MR	Brain	188	Yes	Seg	Low Grade Glioma
139	Stockholm Sleepy Brain Study	2018	3D	MR	Brain	84	No	Cls	Sleep deprivation
140	Harm Avoidance Gray Matter	2016	3D	MR	Brain	95	No	Cls	Personality traits
141	Human Voice Areas	2015	3D	MR	Brain	218	Yes	Cls	Healthy
142	UCLA Consortium for Neuropsychiatric Phenomics LA5c Study	2016	3D	MR	Brain	273	No	Cls	Neuropsychiatric Disorders
143	Washington University 120	2017	3D	MR	Brain	120	No	Rest	Healthy young adults
144	White matter deficits in cocaine use disorder V1.0	2021	3D	MR	Brain	133	No	Cls	Cocaine Use Disorder
145	Working memory in healthy and schizophrenic individuals	2016	3D	MR	Brain	99	No	Cls	Schizophrenia
146	rsfMR comorbidity SmokingandSchizophrenia	2018	3D	MR	Brain	92	Yes	Cls	Schizophrenia and nicotine dependence
147	IVDM3Seg	2018	3D	MR	Intervertebral Discs	96	Yes	Seg/Loc	Spine diseases
148	MRNet	2018	3D	MR	Knee	1370	Yes	Cls	Knee MR abnormalities
149	EMIDEC	2020	3D	MR	Heart	150	Yes	Seg/ Cls	Myocardial infarction
150	iSeg2017	2017	3D	MR	Brain	23	Yes	Seg	Neurodevelopmental conditions
151	UW-Madison GI Tract Image Segmentation	2022	3D	MR	Stomach, Small Bowel, Large Bowel	467	Yes	Seg	Gastrointestinal cancers
152	MUDI2019	2019	3D	MR	Brain	1344	Yes	Rec	Healthy
153	iSeg-2019	2019	3D	MR	Brain	39	Yes	Seg	Healthy development
154	Longitudinal Multiple Sclerosis Lesion Segmentation	2015	3D	MR	Brain	82	Yes	Seg	Multiple sclerosis
155	COSMOS 2022	2022	3D	MR	Carotid Artery	75	Yes	Seg	Atherosclerosis
156	cSeg-2022	2022	3D	MR	Cerebellum	33	Yes	Seg	Normal development
157	Brain Tumor Progression Prediction	2021	3D	MR	Brain	40	Yes	Cls	Brain cancer
158	Heart Segmentation in MR Images	2021	3D	MR	Heart	30	Yes	Seg	Cardiac conditions
159	VWS 2021	2021	3D	MR	Carotid Arteries	50	Yes	Seg	Atherosclerosis
160	Atrial Segmentation Challenge	2018	3D	MR	Heart	154	Yes	Seg	Atrial fibrillation
161	IronTract Challenge 2019	2019	3D	MR	Brain	2	Yes	Trk	Anatomical structure
162	DiSCo 2021	2021	3D	MR	Brain	3	Yes	Reg	Tractography challenge
163	RealNoiseMR 2021	2021	3D	MR	Brain	25	Yes	Rec	Denoising challenge
164	MOOD 2022-brain	2022	3D	MR	Brain	800	Yes	Cls/Loc	General pathologies
165	AAPM-RT-MAC	2019	3D	MR	Head-Neck	55	Yes	Seg	Head and Neck Cancer
166	HVSMR 2016	2016	3D	MR	Heart	20	Yes	Seg	Congenital heart disease
167	MRBrainS13	2013	3D	MR	Brain	20	Yes	Seg	Age-related brain conditions
168	HARDI Reconstruction Challenge Dataset	2013	3D	MR	Brain	6	Yes	Rec	Diffusion imaging
169	CAUSE07	2007	3D	MR	Brain	38	Yes	Seg	Neurological Disorders
170	PROMISE09	2009	3D	MR	Prostate	15	Yes	Seg	Prostate cancer
171	ISMRM2015	2015	3D	MR	Brain	34	Yes	Rec/Trk	Tractography challenge
172	Where is VALDO?	2021	3D	MR	Brain	306	Yes	Seg/Det/Loc	Cerebral Small Vessel Disease
173	NEATBrainS15	2015	3D	MR	Brain	20	Yes	Seg	Age-related brain conditions
174	MRBrainS18	2018	3D	MR	Brain	30	Yes	Seg	Diabetes, Dementia, Alzheimer's
175	STACOM 2011	2011	3D	MR/ US	Heart	1158	Yes	Reg/Trk	Healthy volunteers
176	3T Brain-Behavior MR	2014	3D	MR	Brain	36	No	Reg	Healthy subjects
177	Connectivity Test-Retest MR	2015	3D	MR	Brain	342	No	Trk	Healthy volunteers
178	Mindboggle-101	2012	3D	MR	Brain	101	Yes	Seg	Anatomical segmentation
179	Individual Brain Charting (IBC)	2020	3D	MR	Brain	600	Yes	Cls	Healthy
180	Raider	2015	3D	MR	Brain	11	No	Cls	Healthy
181	Diffusion MR Data Harmonisation	2017	3D	MR	Brain	14	Yes	Reg	Cross-scanner harmonization
182	MEMENTO	2019	3D	MR	Brain	1536	Yes	Reg	Neurodegenerative diseases
183	MUDI2019	2019	3D	MR	Brain	6720	No	Reg/Rec	Microstructure imaging
184	CMRxMotion	2022	3D	MR	Heart	360	Yes	Seg/ Cls	Not specified
185	PDMR-BL0293-F563	2019	3D	MR	Liver/Bone	19	No	Cls	Bladder cancer metastasis
186	PDMR-292921-168-R	2020	3D	MR/SR	Abdomen	20	No	Cls	Pancreatic adenocarcinoma
187	PDMR-997537-175-T	2020	3D	MR/SR	Colon	24	No	Cls	Colon adenocarcinoma
188	PDMR-425362-245-T	2021	3D	MR/SR	Abdomen	20	No	Cls	Melanoma
189	PDMR-521955-158-R4	2022	3D	MR/SR	Pancreas/ Lung	20	No	Cls	Pancreatic adenocarcinoma
190	ICDC-Glioma	2021	2D/ 3D	MICROSCOPY/ MR	Brain	78	No	Seg	Glioma
191	Generation R Pediatric MR Resources	2014	3D	MR	Brain	666	No	Cls	Normative developmental
192	High-quality diffusion-weighted imaging of Parkinson	2014	3D	MR	Brain	53	No	Cls	Parkinson's disease
193	MGH Neonatal/Pediatric ADC Atlases	2015	3D	MR	Brain	201	Yes	Reg	Acute brain injury
194	RIDER Phantom MR	2011	3D	MR	Phantom	10	No	QA	Phantom study
195	RIDER Breast MR	2011	3D	MR	Breast	40	No	Cls	Breast cancer
196	ATLAS2023	2023	3D	MR	Liver	90	Yes	Seg	Hepatocellular carcinoma
197	SMILE-UHURA2023	2023	3D	MR	Brain	25	Yes	Seg	Cerebral Small Vessel Diseases
198	CMRxRecon	2023	2D/ 3D	MR	Heart	300	Yes	Rec/Seg	Cardiac diseases
199	CAS2023	2023	3D	MR	Brain	150	Yes	Seg	Anatomical segmentation
200	CROWN2023	2023	3D	MR	Brain	600	Yes	Cls/ Reg	Multiple pathologies
201	QuantConn	2023	3D	MR	Brain	206	Yes	Rec	Microstructure quantification
202	BONBID-HIE2023	2023	3D	MR	Brain	133	Yes	Seg	Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy
203	LLD-MMR2023	2023	3D	MR	Liver	498	Yes	Cls	Liver diseases
204	WBMR-NF	2023	3D	MR	Whole-body	400	Yes	Seg/Det	Neurofibromatosis
205	SLCN	2023	3D	MR	Brain	514	Yes	Reg/Cls	Neurodevelopmental disorders
206	SPPIN2023	2023	3D	MR	Abdomen	96	Yes	Seg	Neuroblastoma
207	Shifts Challenge 2022	2022	3D	MR	Brain	172	Yes	Seg	Multiple sclerosis
208	Mouse-Astrocytoma	2017	3D	MR	Brain	48	No	Cls	Glioblastoma Multiforme
209	GBM-MR-NER-Outcomes	2014	3D	MR	Brain	45	No	Reg	Glioblastoma
210	UPENN-GBM	2022	3D	MR	Brain	3680	Yes	Seg	Glioblastoma
211	ISPY1-Tumor-SEG-Radiomics	2022	3D	MR	Breast	163	Yes	Seg	Breast cancer
212	I-SPY2 Trial	2022	3D	MR	Breast	719	Yes	Seg/ Cls	Breast cancer
213	IvyGAP-Radiomics	2020	3D	MR	Brain	37	Yes	Seg	Glioblastoma
214	Brain-TR-GammaKnife	2023	3D	MR	Brain	47	Yes	Seg/ Cls	Brain cancer
215	ExACT	2023	3D	MR	Anus	30	Yes	Cls/Loc	Anal cancer
216	ACNS0332-Tumor-Annotations	2022	3D	MR	Brain	85	Yes	Seg	Brain tumor
217	UCSF-PDGM	2022	3D	MR	Brain	501	Yes	Seg	Diffuse Gliomas
218	RHUH-GBM	2023	3D	MR	Brain	40	Yes	Seg	Glioblastoma
219	RIDER Neuro MR	2011	3D	MR	Brain	19	No	Cls	Brain cancer
220	Meningioma-SEG-CLASS	2023	3D	MR	Brain	96	Yes	Seg/ Cls	Intracranial meningiomas
221	Mouse-Mammary	2015	3D	MR	Mammary	32	No	Cls	Breast Cancer
222	MRQy-Quality-Measures	2020	3D	MR	Brain, Cervix	233	No	QA	Brain and Cervical Cancers
223	DICOM-Glioma-SEG	2020	3D	MR	Brain	167	Yes	Seg	Brain cancer
224	ADAM2020	2020	3D	MR	Brain	255	Yes	Seg/Det/Cls	Intracranial aneurysms
225	CSI15	2015	2D/ 3D	MR/X-RAY	Spine	345	Yes	Cls/Seg	Spine conditions
226	LPBA40	2001	3D	MR	Brain	40	Yes	Seg	Healthy
227	Continuous Registration ISBR18	2018	3D	MR	Brain	18	Yes	Seg	Registration challenge
228	CUMC12	2018	3D	MR	Head and Neck	18	Yes	Seg	Not specified
229	MGH10	2018	3D	MR	Brain	10	Yes	Seg	Anatomical segmentation
230	BrainPTM 2021	2021	3D	MR	Brain	75	Yes	Seg	Brain tumors
231	OpenMind	2024	3D	MR	Head and Neck	114570	Yes	Seg/Rec	Health Status

☢️ 3D PET Datasets

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#	Dataset	Year	Dim	Modality	Structure	Volumes	Label	Task	Diseases
1	QIN PET Phantom	2014	3D	PET	Body	2	Yes	Seg	Phantom study
2	AutoPET	2022	3D	PET/CT	Whole-body	1014	Yes	Seg	Cancer
3	AutoPET II	2023	3D	PET/CT	Whole-body	1219	Yes	Seg	Cancer
4	COVID-19-NY-SBU	2021	2D/ 3D	PET/CT/ MR/ X-RAY	Brain/ Chest	1384	No	Cls	COVID-19
5	HECKTOR 2020	2020	3D	PET/CT	Head and Neck	254	Yes	Seg	Head and Neck Cancer
6	HECKTOR 2021	2021	3D	PET/CT	Head and Neck	325	Yes	Seg/ Reg	Head and Neck Cancer
7	HECKTOR 2022	2022	3D	PET/CT	Head and Neck	883	Yes	Seg/ Reg	Head and Neck Cancer
8	ACRIN-HNSCC-FDG-PET-CT (ACRIN 6685)	2016	3D	PET/CT/MR/NM	Head and Neck	260	Yes	Cls	Head and Neck Cancer
9	ACRIN-FLT-Breast (ACRIN 6688)	2017	3D	PET/CT	Breast	83	Yes	Cls	Breast Cancer
10	ACRIN-FMISO-Brain (ACRIN 6684)	2016	3D	PET/CT/MR	Brain	45	Yes	Seg/Cls	Glioblastoma
11	ACRIN-NSCLC-FDG-PET (ACRIN 6668)	2020	3D	PET/CT	Lung	242	Yes	Cls	Lung cancer
12	AREN0532	2022	2D/3D	PET/CR/ CT/ MR/ RTIMAGE/ US	Kidney	544	No	Cls	Wilms tumor
13	AREN0534	2021	2D/ 3D	PET/CT/ MR/ US	Kidney	239	Yes	Seg	Wilms tumor
14	AHOD0831	2022	2D/3D	PET/CR/ CT/ DX/ MR/ NM/ OT/ SC/ XA	Lymphatic	165	Yes	Seg	Hodgkin Lymphoma
15	AHOD0831-Tumor-Annotations	2023	3D	PET/CT	Lymph nodes, spleen, salivary glands, Waldeyer'...	165	Yes	Seg	Hodgkin Lymphoma
16	HNSCC	2020	3D	PET/CT/MR	Head and Neck	627	Yes	Seg	Head and Neck Cancer
17	CC-Tumor Heterogeneity	2023	3D	PET/CT/MR	Cervix	23	Yes	Seg/Cls	Cervical cancer
18	TCGA-BLCA	2014	3D	PET/CT/ MR/ X-RAY	Bladder	120	No	Cls	Bladder carcinoma
19	TCGA-HNSC	2014	3D	PET/CT/ MR	Head and Neck	479	No	Cls	Head and Neck Cancer
20	TCGA-KIRP	2014	3D	PET/CT/ MR	Kidney	33	No	Cls	Kidney cancer
21	TCGA-LIHC	2014	2D/3D	PET/CT/MR	Liver	97	No	Cls	Liver cancer
22	TCGA-LUSC	2016	3D	PET/CT	Lung	37	No	Cls	Lung cancer
23	TCGA-PRAD	2015	3D	PET/CT/MR	Prostate	14	No	Cls	Prostate cancer
24	TCGA-UCEC	2020	3D	PET/CT/ MR/ X-RAY	Uterus	65	No	Cls	Uterine cancer
25	CPTAC-LSCC	2018	2D/3D	PET/CT/ MICROSCOPY	Lung	212	No	Cls	Lung cancer
26	CPTAC-LUAD	2018	2D/ 3D	PET/CT/ MR	Lung	244	No	Cls	Lung cancer
27	CPTAC-PDA	2018	3D	PET/CT/ MR/ US	Pancreas	168	No	Cls	Pancreatic cancer
28	CPTAC-SAR	2019	2D/ 3D	PET/CT/ MR/ US	Abdomen/ Arm/ Bladder/ Chest/ Head–Neck/ Kidney/ Leg/...	88	No	Cls	Sarcomas
29	CPTAC-UCEC	2019	2D/ 3D	PET/CT/ MR/ US	Uterus	250	No	Cls	Endometrial Carcinoma
30	NSCLC-Radiogenomics	2015	3D	PET/CT	Chest	211	Yes	Seg/ Cls	Lung cancer
31	CMB-CRC	2022	2D/3D	PET/CT/ MR/ US/ WSI	Colon	12	No	Cls	Colorectal Cancer
32	CMB-GEC	2022	2D/3D	PET/CT/ MICROSCOPY/ MR	Esophagus	17	No	Seg/Cls	Gastroesophageal Cancer
33	CMB-MEL	2022	2D/ 3D	PET/CT/ US/ WSI	Skin	40	No	Cls	Melanoma
34	CMB-MML	2022	2D/3D	PET/CR/ CT/ DX/ HISTOPATHOLOGY/ MR/ XA	Blood/Bone	138	No	Cls	Multiple Myeloma
35	CMB-PCA	2022	2D/3D	PET/CT/ DX/ MR/ NM/ RF	Prostate	50	No	Cls	Prostate cancer
36	QIN-Breast	2015	3D	PET/CT/ MR	Breast	68	Yes	Cls	Breast cancer
37	QIN-HEADNECK	2015	3D	PET/CT	Head and Neck	279	Yes	Seg	Head and neck carcinomas
38	AHEP0731	2021	3D	PET/CT/ MR/ US/ XA	Liver/ Chest	190	No	Seg/ Cls	Liver Cancer
39	Anti-PD-1 Lung	2019	3D	PET/CT/ SC	Lung	46	No	Cls	Lung cancer
40	CALGB50303	2021	3D	PET/CT	Chest/ Abdomen/ Pelvis	155	Yes	Cls	Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
41	Head-Neck Cetuximab (RTOG 0522)	2013	3D	PET/CT	Head and Neck	111	No	Cls	Head and Neck Carcinomas
42	Head-Neck-PET-CT	2017	3D	PET/CT	Head and Neck	298	Yes	Seg/ Cls	Head and Neck Cancer
43	Head-Neck-Radiomics-HN1	2019	3D	PET/CT	Head/ Neck	137	Yes	Seg	Head and Neck Cancer
44	Lung-PET-CT-Dx	2020	3D	PET/CT	Lung	355	Yes	Cls/ Det	Lung cancer
45	Anti-PD-1 Immunotherapy Melanoma	2019	3D	PET/CT/MR	Skin	47	No	Cls	Melanoma
46	BREAST-DIAGNOSIS	2011	2D/ 3D	PET/CT/MG/MR	Breast	88	Yes	Cls	Breast cancer
47	Parkinson	2010	3D	PET/MR/SPECT	Brain	683	Yes	Cls	Parkinson's Disease
48	QIDW	2015	3D	PET/CT/MR/US	Lung	52000	No	QA	Quality assurance
49	RIDER Lung PET-CT	2015	3D	PET/CT	Lung	243	No	Cls	Lung cancer
50	Soft-tissue-Sarcoma	2015	3D	PET/CT/MR	Extremities	51	Yes	Seg/Cls	Soft-tissue sarcoma
51	Seg Soft Tissue	2021	3D	PET/CT/MR	Soft tissue	51	Yes	Seg	Soft-tissue sarcomas (preprocessed)
52	fastPET-LD	2021	3D	PET/CT	Whole Body	68	Yes	Det	Oncologic Imaging
53	CT-vs-PET-Ventilation-Imaging	2022	3D	PET/CT	Lung	20	No	Cls	Lung cancer
54	NaF PROSTATE	2013	3D	PET/CT	Prostate	9	No	Cls	Prostate cancer
55	Pseudo-PHI-DICOM-Data	2021	2D/3D	PET/CT/MR/X-RAY	Various	21	No	Reg	Various cancers
56	PDMR-833975-119-R	2020	3D	PET/CT/MR	Pancreas	20	No	Cls	Pancreatic adenocarcinoma
57	APOLLO-5-LSCC	2021	3D	PET/CT	Lung	36	Yes	Seg	Lung squamous cell carcinoma
58	ARAR0331	2022	3D	PET/CT/MR	Head	108	Yes	Seg	Nasopharyngeal cancer
59	CALGB50303-Tumor-Annotations	2023	3D	PET/CT	Lymphatic system	155	Yes	Seg/ Cls	Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
60	OASIS-3	2019	3D	PET/CT/MR	Brain	5699	Yes	Seg/Cls	Alzheimer's Disease
61	TADPOLE	2017	3D	PET/MR	Brain	1667	Yes	Cls/ Reg	Alzheimer's Disease
62	ADNI	2017	3D	PET/MR	Brain	2500	No	Cls	Alzheimer's Disease
63	ADNIDOD	2017	3D	PET/MR	Brain	195	No	Cls	Alzheimer's Disease
64	AIBL	2017	3D	PET/MR	Brain	278	Yes	Cls	Alzheimer's Disease
65	PETfrog	2020	3D	PET/MR	Brain	238	No	Cls	Brain development

🩺 3D Ultrasound Datasets

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#	Dataset	Year	Dim	Modality	Structure	Volumes	Label	Task	Diseases
1	TDSC-ABUS2023	2023	3D	US	Breast	200	Yes	Seg/ Cls/ Det	Breast cancer
2	CETUS2014	2014	3D	US	Heart	45	Yes	Seg	Cardiac conditions
3	MVSeg-3DTEE2023	2023	3D	US	Mitral valve	175	Yes	Seg	Mitral valve disease
4	AREN0532	2022	2D/3D	US/ CR/ CT/ MR/ PET/ RTIMAGE	Kidney	544	No	Cls	Wilms tumor
5	AREN0533	2022	3D	US/CR/CT/MR	Kidney	294	No	Cls	Wilms tumor
6	AREN0533-Tumor-Annotations	2023	3D	US/CR/CT/MR	Kidney	294	Yes	Seg	Wilms tumor
7	AREN0534	2021	2D/3D	US/ CT/ MR/ PET	Kidney	239	Yes	Seg	Wilms tumor
8	CPTAC-PDA	2018	3D	US/ CT/ MR/ PET	Pancreas	168	No	Cls	Pancreatic cancer
9	CPTAC-SAR	2019	2D/3D	US/ CT/ MR/ PET	Abdomen/ Arm/ Bladder/ Chest/ Head–Neck/ Kidney/ Leg/ ...	88	No	Cls	Sarcomas
10	CPTAC-UCEC	2019	2D/3D	US/ CT/ MR/ PET	Uterus	250	No	Cls	Endometrial Carcinoma
11	CMB-CRC	2022	2D/3D	US/ CT/ MR/ PET/ WSI	Colon	12	No	Cls	Colorectal Cancer
12	CMB-LCA	2022	2D/3D	US/ CT/ DX/ MR/ NM/ PT	Lung	16	No	Cls	Lung cancer
13	CMB-MEL	2022	2D/3D	US/ CT/ PET/ WSI	Skin	40	No	Cls	Melanoma
14	AHEP0731	2021	3D	US/ CT/ MR/ PET/ XA	Liver/Chest	190	No	Seg/Cls	Liver Cancer
15	QIDW	2015	3D	US/ CT/ MR/ PET	Lung	52000	No	QA	Quality assurance
16	CuRIOUS2018-MR FLAIR	2018	3D	US/MR	Brain	33	Yes	Reg	Brain tumors
17	CuRIOUS2018-US	2018	3D	US/MR	Brain	32	Yes	Reg	Brain tumors
18	CuRIOUS2018-MR T1W	2018	3D	US/MR	Brain	33	Yes	Reg	Brain tumor
19	CuRIOUS2019-MR-FLAIR	2019	3D	US/MR	Brain	32	Yes	Reg	Low-grade gliomas
20	CuRIOUS2019	2019	3D	US/MR	Brain	33	Yes	Reg	Brain tumor
21	CuRIOUS2019 US	2019	3D	US/MR	Brain	33	Yes	Reg	Low-grade gliomas
22	CuRIOUS2019-MR T1W	2019	3D	US/MR	Brain	33	Yes	Reg	Brain tumor
23	CuRIOUS2022	2022	3D	US/MR	Brain	33	Yes	Seg	Low-grade gliomas
24	Learn2Reg LUMIR	2024	3D	US/MR	Brain	269	Yes	Reg	Multi-modal
25	Prostate-MR-US-Biopsy	2020	3D	US/MR	Prostate	1151	Yes	Reg/Seg	Prostate Cancer
26	$$-RegPro2023	2023	3D	US/MR	Prostate	108	Yes	Reg/lmk	Prostate cancer
27	STACOM 2011	2011	3D	US/MR	Heart	1158	Yes	Reg/Trk	Healthy volunteers

🧩 3D Other Datasets

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#	Dataset	Year	Dim	Modality	Structure	Volumes	Label	Task	Diseases
1	MitoEM	2020	3D	3D MICROSCOPY	Brain	2	Yes	Seg	Mitochondrial ultrastructure
2	3D Platelet EM	2021	3D	3D MICROSCOPY	Platelet	2	Yes	Seg	Platelet ultrastructure
3	PCa Bx 3Dpathology	2023	3D	3D MICROSCOPY	Prostate	50	Yes	Seg/ Loc	Prostate cancer
4	CADA	2020	3D	3D DSA	Brain	131	Yes	Det/ Seg/ Cls	Cerebral aneurysms
5	ISBI2023 challenge - SHINY-ICARUS	2022	3D	3D DSA	Internal Carotid Artery	82	Yes	Seg	Internal carotid artery aneurysms
6	CADA-AS	2020	3D	3D DSA	Brain	110	Yes	Seg	Cerebral aneurysms
7	CADA-RRE	2020	3D	3D DSA	Brain	131	Yes	Seg/Cls	Cerebral aneurysm
8	XPRESS2023	2023	3D	3D X-RAY	Brain	3	Yes	Seg	Neuroanatomy
9	Learn2Reg ThoraxCBCT	2023	3D	CBCT/FBCT	Thorax	40	Yes	Reg	Lung cancer
10	Pancreatic-CT-CBCT-SEG	2021	3D	CBCT/CT	Pancreas	40	Yes	Seg	Pancreatic cancer
11	Pelvic-Reference-Data	2019	3D	CBCT/CT	Pelvis	58	Yes	Reg	Prostate cancer
12	ToothFairy2023	2023	3D	CBCT	Inferior Alveolar Nerve	443	Yes	Seg	Dental surgery planning
13	RETOUCH	2017	3D	OCT	Retina	112	Yes	Seg	Retinal diseases
14	ROCC	2017	3D	OCT	Retina	72	Yes	Cls	Diabetic Retinopathy
15	OCT Glaucoma Detection	2018	3D	OCT	Optic nerve head	1110	Yes	Cls	Glaucoma
16	OLIVES	2022	2D/3D	OCT	Eye	78822	Yes	Cls	Diabetic conditions
17	GAMMA	2021	2D/3D	OCT	Retina	300	Yes	Cls/Seg/Loc	Glaucoma
18	Farsiu Ophthalmology 2013	2013	3D	OCT	Retina	384	Yes	Seg/Cls	Age-related macular degeneration
19	Chiu IOVS 2011	2012	3D	OCT	Retina	25	Yes	Seg/Cls	Macular Degeneration
20	Chiu BOE 2014 dataset	2014	3D	OCT	Retina	16	Yes	Seg	Diabetic macular edema
21	Srinivasan BOE 2014	2014	3D	OCT	Retina	45	Yes	Cls	Eye diseases
22	Soltanian Optica 2021	2021	3D	OCT	Retina	8	Yes	Seg	Glaucoma
23	STAGE	2023	3D	OCT	Retina	400	Yes	Reg/Cls	Glaucoma
24	Eye OCT Datasets	2021	3D	OCT	Retina	148	Yes	Cls/Seg	Retinal diseases

🎬 Video Medical Datasets

Video datasets capture temporal dynamics in medical procedures and patient monitoring.

🎬 Video Datasets

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#	Dataset	Year	Dim	Modality	Structure	Samples	Label	Task	Diseases
1	CholecT50	2023	Video	Endoscopy	Gallbladder	50	No	Cls, Det	surgical instrument, action, target
2	CholecTriplet 2021	2021	Video	Endoscopy	Gallbladder	45	Yes	Cls, Det	surgical instrument, action, target
3	SurgVisDom	2020	Video	Endoscopy	Bowel	488	Yes	Cls	skin lesion
4	CATARACTS	2017	Video	Microscopy	Retina	50	Yes	Cls, Det	surgical workflow
5	EndoVis 2018-SWAS	2018	Video	Endoscopy	Colon	42	Yes	Cls	surgical phase
6	EndoVis 2019-SWSA	2019	Video	Endoscopy	Gallbladder	30	Yes	Cls	surgical phase, action, instrument
7	EndoVis 2020-CATARACTS Workflow	2020	Video	Endoscopy	Retina	50	Yes	Cls	surgical workflow
8	EndoVis 2020-MISAW	2020	Video	RGB	Artificial vessel	27	Yes	Cls	surgical phase
9	EndoVis 2021-PETRAW	2021	Video	Endoscopy	NA	150	Yes	Cls	surgical workflow
10	EndoVis 2022-SurgToolLoc	2022	Video	Endoscopy	NA	24695	Yes	Cls	surgical instrument
11	T3 Challenge	2023	Video	RGB	NA	200	Yes	Cls, Det, VQA	life-saving intervention procedure
12	Endo-FM	2023	2D, Video	Endoscopy	NA	32896	No	NA	NA
13	OSS	2025	Video	Endoscopy	NA	330	Yes	Cls	surgical suturing skill
14	FedSurg	2024	2D, Video	Endoscopy	NA	30	Yes	Cls	laparoscopic grading of the appendicitis
15	CardiacUDC	2023	Video	Ultrasound	Heart	992	Yes	Seg, Cls	cardiac anatomical structures
16	m2cai16-tool	2016	Video	Endoscopy	Gallbladder	15	Yes	Cls, Det	surgical instrument
17	Cholec80	2016	Video	Endoscopy	Gallbladder	80	Yes	Cls	surgical phase
18	SAGES-CVS	2024	Video	Endoscopy	Gallbladder, Cystic Duct, Cystic Artery, Hepatocystic Triangle, Liver	18000	Yes	Cls, Seg	surgical skill
19	CatRelDet	2020	Video	Microscopy	Retina	8	Yes	Cls, Det	surgical phase
20	SurgicalActions160	2017	Video	Endoscopy	Female Reproductive System	160	Yes	Cls, Retrieval	surgical phase
21	OphNet	2024	Video	Microscopy	Retina	743	Yes	Cls	surgical phase
22	NurVid	2023	Video	RGB	NA	1,538	Yes	Cls	nursing procedure
23	m2cai16-workflow	2016	Video	Endoscopy	Gallbladder	41	Yes	Cls	surgical phase
24	EndoCV 2021	2021	Video	Endoscopy	Polyp	4019	Yes	Det	surgical actions
25	AdaptOR2021	2021	Video	Endoscopy	Heart	5584	Yes	Det	2D landmarks
26	CholecTriplet2022	2022	Video	Endoscopy	Gallbladder	45	Yes	Cls, Det	surgical instrument, action, target
27	m2cai16-tool-locations	2016	Video	Endoscopy	Gallbladder	15	Yes	Det, Track	surgical instrument
28	A-AFMA	2020	Video	Ultrasound	Bladder	NA	Yes	Det	amniotic fluid
29	GIANA	2017	Video	Endoscopy	Colon	3500	Yes	Seg, Det	angiodysplasia
30	EndoVis 2021-SimSurgSkill	2021	Video	Endoscopy	NA	321	Yes	Det	surgical skill
31	AVOS	2024	Video	Endoscopy	NA	1997	Yes	Det, Track	surgical instrument, action
32	EndoVis 2022-SimCol-to-3D	2022	Video	Endoscopy	Colon	15	Yes	Est	depth, camera pose
33	KBD	2017	Video	Endoscopy	Kidney	4	Yes	Seg	kidney boundary
34	EndoVis15-IST	2015	2D, Video	Endoscopy	NA	100	Yes	Seg, Track	surgical instrument
35	Robotic Instrument Segmentation	2017	Video	Endoscopy	Bowel	18	Yes	Seg	surgical instrument
36	ROBUST-MIS	2019	Video	Endoscopy	Colon	10	Yes	Seg, Det	surgical instrument
37	EndoVis20-CATARACTS	2020	Video	Endoscopy	NA	50	Yes	Seg	surgical instrument
38	EndoVis21-HeiSurf	2021	Video	Endoscopy	NA	33	Yes	Seg, Det, Track	surgical phase, action, instrument, organ
39	EndoVis22-P2ILF	2022	Video	Endoscopy	Liver	167	Yes	Seg, Reg	liver
40	SegSTRONG-C	2024	2D, Video	Endoscopy	NA	17	Yes	Seg	Surgical instrument
41	SegCol	2024	2D, Video	Endoscopy	NA	78	Yes	Seg	surgical instrument, colon folds
42	FetReg	2021	Video	Endoscopy	Placenta	2060	Yes	Seg	vessel
43	EndoVis23-PitVis	2024	Video	Endoscopy	Brain, Pituitary gland	25	Yes	Seg, Det, Cls	surgical phase
44	EndoVis23-SurgToolLoc	2023	Video	Endoscopy	Pituitary, Abdomen	949	Yes	Seg, Det, Cls	surgical instrument
45	EndoVis18-RSS	2018	Video	Endoscopy	Abdomen	15	Yes	Seg, Track	surgical instrument
46	EndoVis22-SAR-RARP50	2022	Video	Endoscopy	Prostate	50	Yes	Seg, Cls	surgical instrument, action
47	PhaKIR	2024	Video	Endoscopy	Gallbladder	13	Yes	Seg, Det, Cls	surgical phase, instrument, instrument keypoint
48	SurgVU	2024	Video	Endoscopy	Abdomen	155	Yes	Seg, Det, Cls	surgical phase, instrument
49	Cataract-1K	2023	Video	Microscopy	Retina, Iris, Pupil	2256	Yes	Seg, Det, Cls	surgical phase, instrument, abnormality
50	LensID	2021	Video	Endoscopy	Retina	2589	Yes	Det, Seg	surgical phase, instrument, anatomy
51	AutoLaparo	2022	Video	Endoscopy	Uterus	21	Yes	Seg	surgical phase, action, instrument and key anatomy
52	CholecSeg8k	2020	Video	Endoscopy	Gallbladder	17	Yes	Seg	surgical elements
53	CholecInstanceSeg	2024	Video	Endoscopy	Gallbladder	85	Yes	Seg	surgical instrument
54	CaDIS	2019	Video	Microscopy	Retina, Iris, Pupil	25	Yes	Seg	surgical full scene
55	Endoscapes2023	2023	Video	Endoscopy	Gallbladder	201	Yes	Cls, Det, Seg	surgical anatomy, instrument, skill
56	The Dresden Surgical Anatomy Dataset	2023	Video	Endoscopy	Abdominal organs, vessel structures	32	Yes	Seg	surgical anatomy
57	PolypGen	2023	Video	Endoscopy	Polyp	2,225	Yes	Seg	polyp
58	ASU-Mayo polyp database	2022	Video	Endoscopy	Polyp	38	Yes	Seg	polyp
59	GynSurg	2025	Video	Endoscopy	Uterus	15	Yes	Cls, Seg	surgical instrument, anatomy
60	SurgT: Surgical Track	2022	video	Endoscopy	NA	137	Yes	Track	soft tissue
61	STIR	2023	Video	Endoscopy	NA	60	Yes	Track	tissue keypoint
62	HiSWA-RLLS	2024	Video	Endoscopy	Liver	50	Yes	Det, Cls	surgical phase, action, instrument
63	Egosurgery	2024	Video	Endoscopy	NA	27000	Yes	Cls, Det	surgical phase, instrument
64	TN-SCUI2020	2020	Video	Ultrasound	Thyroid gland	637	Yes	Cls	thyroid nodules
65	EchoNet-Dynamic	2020	Video	Ultrasound	Heart	10030	Yes	Measurement	heart
66	Gastrointestinal Atlas	2000	Video	Endoscopy	Bowel, Stomach	5142	No	NA	NA
67	Cataract-101	2018	Video	Microscopy	Retina	101	Yes	Cls	surgical phase
68	MedVidQA	2022	Video	RGB	NA	3010	Yes	VQA	visual question answering
69	HMC-QU	2021	Video	Ultrasound	Heart	162	Yes	Cls	myocardial infarction
70	Endovis 2019-SCRE	2019	Video	Endoscopy	Porcine cadaver	9	Yes	Recon, Est, Stereo Matching	depth
71	HyperKvasir	2020	Video	Endoscopy	Colon, Esophagus, Stomach	373	Yes	Seg, Det, Cls	polyp
72	ERS	2022	Video	Endoscopy	Gastrointestinal	1520	Yes	Cls, Seg	Abnormality
73	SUN-SEG	2022	Video	Endoscopy	Colon	1106	Yes	Seg	Polyp
74	SARAS-MESAD	2021	Video	Endoscopy	Prostate, Bladder	4	Yes	Det	surgical action
75	Ophora-160K	2025	Video	Microscopy	Retina	9819	Yes	Captioning	Video caption

🙏 Acknowledgment

We sincerely thank all researchers, clinicians, institutions, and organizations who have contributed to the development and public release of medical imaging datasets. Their dedicated efforts in data collection, annotation, curation, and sharing have laid the foundation for significant progress in medical artificial intelligence. The open availability of these resources has not only accelerated methodological innovation and benchmark creation but also fostered collaboration across disciplines, enabling the broader community to explore new directions in multimodal learning, foundation model development, and clinical translation. Without their commitment to advancing science through openness and collaboration, this survey and many of the achievements in the field would not have been possible.

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📖 Citation

🚀 Interactive Discovery Portal

🏥 Medical Datasets Overview

🔍 Dataset Taxonomy & Statistical Analysis

🤖 Medical Foundation Model Development

📋 Table of Contents

📊 2D Medical Imaging Datasets

👥 Dermoscopy

👁️‍🗨️ OCT

🌡️ Infrared

🩻 CT Datasets

🦴 X-ray Datasets

🧠 MRI Datasets

👁️ Fundus Photography

🧫 Histopathology

🩺 Ultrasound

📹 Endoscopy

🔬 Microscopy

☢️ PET

🧩 Others

🧊 3D Medical Imaging Datasets

🩻 3D CT Datasets

🧠 3D MR Datasets

☢️ 3D PET Datasets

🩺 3D Ultrasound Datasets

🧩 3D Other Datasets

🎬 Video Medical Datasets

🎬 Video Datasets

🙏 Acknowledgment

🌟 Star History

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