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GraphMemory-IDE Security Documentation

Overview

GraphMemory-IDE implements enterprise-grade security hardening that exceeds industry standards. This document provides comprehensive security information, implementation details, and best practices.

Table of Contents

Security Architecture

GraphMemory-IDE implements a multi-layered security approach:

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│                    Security Layers                         │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ Application Layer                                           │
│ ├─ JWT Authentication (Port 8080)                          │
│ ├─ mTLS Authentication (Port 50051)                        │
│ └─ API Rate Limiting & Validation                          │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ Container Security Layer                                    │
│ ├─ Read-Only Root Filesystems                              │
│ ├─ Non-Root User Execution (UID 1000/1001)                 │
│ ├─ Capability Dropping (CAP_DROP: ALL)                     │
│ ├─ Seccomp Security Profiles                               │
│ └─ Resource Limits & Constraints                           │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ Network Security Layer                                      │
│ ├─ Isolated Bridge Network (memory-net)                    │
│ ├─ Port Exposure Control                                    │
│ └─ TLS Encryption (mTLS)                                    │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ Infrastructure Security Layer                               │
│ ├─ Named Volume Isolation                                   │
│ ├─ Secure tmpfs Mounts                                      │
│ └─ Host System Isolation                                    │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

Container Security

Read-Only Root Filesystems

All containers run with read-only root filesystems to prevent runtime modifications:

# docker-compose.yml
services:
  mcp-server:
    read_only: true
    tmpfs:
      - /tmp:noexec,nosuid,size=100m
    volumes:
      - mcp-logs:/var/log/mcp   # Writable logs
      - mcp-tmp:/tmp/mcp        # Writable temp

Benefits:

  • Prevents malware persistence
  • Blocks runtime file modifications
  • Reduces attack surface
  • Ensures container immutability

Non-Root User Execution

Containers run as non-privileged users:

# Dockerfile
RUN groupadd -r -g 1000 mcpuser && useradd -r -u 1000 -g mcpuser mcpuser
USER mcpuser

Configuration:

  • MCP Server: UID 1000 (mcpuser)
  • Kestra: UID 1001 (non-root)
  • No root privileges in containers
  • Eliminates privilege escalation risks

Capability Dropping

All dangerous capabilities are dropped:

# docker-compose.yml
cap_drop:
  - ALL
cap_add:
  - NET_BIND_SERVICE  # Only for MCP server

Dropped Capabilities:

  • CAP_SYS_ADMIN: System administration
  • CAP_SYS_PTRACE: Process tracing
  • CAP_SYS_MODULE: Kernel module loading
  • CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE: File permission override
  • And 30+ other dangerous capabilities

Seccomp Security Profiles

Custom seccomp profiles restrict system calls:

{
  "defaultAction": "SCMP_ACT_ERRNO",
  "syscalls": [
    {
      "names": ["read", "write", "open", "close", ...],
      "action": "SCMP_ACT_ALLOW"
    }
  ]
}

Allowed System Calls (54 categories):

  • File operations: read, write, open, close
  • Network operations: socket, bind, listen, accept
  • Memory operations: mmap, munmap, brk
  • Process operations: fork, exec, wait

Blocked System Calls:

  • ptrace: Process debugging
  • mount/umount: Filesystem mounting
  • reboot: System reboot
  • kexec_load: Kernel loading

Resource Limits

Containers have strict resource constraints:

# docker-compose.yml
deploy:
  resources:
    limits:
      memory: 1G      # MCP Server
      cpus: '0.5'
    reservations:
      memory: 512M
      cpus: '0.25'

Resource Limits:

  • MCP Server: 1GB RAM, 0.5 CPU cores
  • Kestra: 2GB RAM, 1.0 CPU cores
  • Prevents: Resource exhaustion attacks
  • Monitoring: Real-time resource tracking

mTLS Implementation

PKI Infrastructure

Complete Public Key Infrastructure for mutual authentication:

Certificate Authority (CA)
├── Server Certificate (mcp-server)
│   ├── Subject: CN=mcp-server
│   ├── SAN: DNS:mcp-server, DNS:localhost, IP:127.0.0.1
│   └── Extended Key Usage: serverAuth
└── Client Certificate (mcp-client)
    ├── Subject: CN=mcp-client
    └── Extended Key Usage: clientAuth

Certificate Generation

Automated certificate generation with proper security:

# Generate CA private key (4096-bit RSA)
openssl genrsa -out ca-key.pem 4096

# Generate CA certificate (365 days)
openssl req -new -x509 -days 365 -key ca-key.pem -sha256 -out ca-cert.pem

# Generate server certificate with SAN
openssl x509 -req -days 365 -sha256 -in server.csr -CA ca-cert.pem -CAkey ca-key.pem \
    -out server-cert.pem -extfile server-extfile.cnf

mTLS Configuration

Server-side mTLS configuration:

# server/mtls_config.py
context = ssl.create_default_context(ssl.Purpose.CLIENT_AUTH)
context.load_cert_chain(certfile=server_cert, keyfile=server_key)
context.load_verify_locations(ca_cert)
context.verify_mode = ssl.CERT_REQUIRED
context.minimum_version = ssl.TLSVersion.TLSv1_2

Security Features:

  • Mutual Authentication: Both client and server verify certificates
  • TLS 1.2+ Only: Modern TLS versions
  • Secure Ciphers: ECDHE+AESGCM, ECDHE+CHACHA20
  • Certificate Validation: Automated chain validation
  • Perfect Forward Secrecy: ECDHE key exchange

Certificate Management

File Permissions:

# Private keys: 400 (read-only for owner)
chmod 400 ca-key.pem server-key.pem client-key.pem

# Certificates: 444 (read-only for all)
chmod 444 ca-cert.pem server-cert.pem client-cert.pem

Certificate Validation:

# Verify certificate chain
openssl verify -CAfile ca-cert.pem server-cert.pem
openssl verify -CAfile ca-cert.pem client-cert.pem

# Check certificate expiration
openssl x509 -in server-cert.pem -text -noout | grep "Not After"

Authentication & Authorization

JWT Authentication

Secure token-based authentication:

# Token generation
token = jwt.encode({
    "sub": username,
    "exp": datetime.utcnow() + timedelta(minutes=30),
    "iat": datetime.utcnow()
}, secret_key, algorithm="HS256")

Security Features:

  • HS256 Algorithm: HMAC with SHA-256
  • Token Expiration: 30-minute default lifetime
  • Secure Secret: Generated with openssl rand -hex 32
  • Stateless: No server-side session storage
  • OAuth2 Compatible: Standard password flow

Authorization Modes

Development Mode:

export JWT_ENABLED=false  # Disable authentication

Production Mode:

export JWT_ENABLED=true
export JWT_SECRET_KEY=$(openssl rand -hex 32)
export JWT_ACCESS_TOKEN_EXPIRE_MINUTES=30

User Management

Default test users with bcrypt password hashing:

users_db = {
    "testuser": {
        "username": "testuser",
        "hashed_password": bcrypt.hashpw(b"testpassword", bcrypt.gensalt()),
    },
    "admin": {
        "username": "admin", 
        "hashed_password": bcrypt.hashpw(b"adminpassword", bcrypt.gensalt()),
    }
}

Network Security

Network Isolation

Containers run in isolated bridge network:

# docker-compose.yml
networks:
  memory-net:
    driver: bridge
    driver_opts:
      com.docker.network.bridge.name: memory-bridge
    ipam:
      config:
        - subnet: 172.20.0.0/16

Network Security:

  • Isolated Subnet: 172.20.0.0/16
  • Bridge Network: Container-to-container communication
  • Port Control: Only required ports exposed
  • No Host Network: Containers isolated from host

Port Exposure

Minimal port exposure:

# docker-compose.yml
ports:
  - "8080:8080"    # HTTP API
  - "50051:50051"  # mTLS API (optional)
  - "8081:8080"    # Kestra UI

Port Security:

  • HTTP API (8080): JWT authentication
  • mTLS API (50051): Mutual TLS authentication
  • Kestra UI (8081): Internal workflow management
  • No SSH: No remote shell access

Security Monitoring

Real-Time Monitoring

Comprehensive security monitoring script:

# monitoring/resource-monitor.sh
./monitoring/resource-monitor.sh

# Continuous monitoring
watch -n 30 ./monitoring/resource-monitor.sh

Monitoring Features:

  • Resource Usage: Memory, CPU, network I/O
  • Security Status: User privileges, filesystem permissions
  • Capability Verification: Dropped capabilities, security options
  • Network Health: HTTP and mTLS endpoint connectivity
  • Alert System: Automated security violation alerts
  • Log Analysis: Security event logging

Security Metrics

Container Security Metrics:

  • User ID verification (non-root)
  • Filesystem read-only status
  • Capability verification
  • Resource usage thresholds
  • Security option validation

Network Security Metrics:

  • Endpoint accessibility
  • Certificate validity
  • TLS connection health
  • Authentication success rates

Alerting

Automated alerting for security violations:

# High memory usage alert
if (( $(echo "$MEM_PERC > $ALERT_MEMORY_THRESHOLD" | bc -l) )); then
    log_message "ALERT: High memory usage detected: $line"
fi

# Security violation alert
if [ "$USER_ID" = "0" ]; then
    log_message "SECURITY: Container $container running as root"
fi

Security Testing

Comprehensive Test Suite

Security test coverage:

# Run security tests
pytest tests/test_security.py -v

# Run with coverage
pytest tests/test_security.py --cov=server --cov-report=html

Test Categories:

  1. Container Security Tests:

    • Non-root user execution
    • Read-only filesystem validation
    • Capability verification
    • Resource limit enforcement
    • Security option validation

  2. mTLS Implementation Tests:

    • Certificate file existence
    • Certificate permissions
    • Certificate chain validation
    • mTLS connection testing
    • Client certificate requirement

  3. Network Security Tests:

    • HTTP endpoint accessibility
    • Network isolation validation
    • Port exposure verification
    • Docker socket security

  4. Authentication Tests:

    • JWT token generation
    • Token validation
    • Authentication bypass testing
    • Invalid token rejection

Security Test Results

Container Security Validation:

  • ✅ Non-root user execution (UID 1000/1001)
  • ✅ Read-only root filesystems
  • ✅ Writable volume functionality
  • ✅ Capability dropping verification
  • ✅ Security option validation
  • ✅ Resource limit enforcement

mTLS Implementation Validation:

  • ✅ Certificate generation and validation
  • ✅ Proper file permissions (400/444)
  • ✅ Certificate chain verification
  • ✅ mTLS connection establishment
  • ✅ Client certificate requirement

Network Security Validation:

  • ✅ HTTP endpoint accessibility
  • ✅ Network isolation verification
  • ✅ No Docker socket exposure
  • ✅ Port security validation

Deployment Security

Secure Deployment Script

Automated secure deployment with validation:

# Full secure deployment
./scripts/deploy-secure.sh

# Deployment with mTLS
MTLS_ENABLED=true ./scripts/deploy-secure.sh

# Security validation only
./scripts/deploy-secure.sh validate

Deployment Security Features:

  • Environment Validation: Docker, OpenSSL, dependencies
  • Certificate Management: Automated PKI setup
  • Security Configuration: Hardened container deployment
  • Health Checks: Service and security validation
  • Automated Testing: Security test execution
  • Deployment Summary: Complete security status

Production Deployment

Pre-deployment Checklist:

  • Generate secure JWT secret: openssl rand -hex 32
  • Enable mTLS: MTLS_ENABLED=true
  • Configure resource limits
  • Set up monitoring and alerting
  • Validate security tests pass
  • Review certificate expiration dates
  • Configure backup and recovery

Production Environment Variables:

export JWT_SECRET_KEY=$(openssl rand -hex 32)
export JWT_ENABLED=true
export MTLS_ENABLED=true
export KUZU_READ_ONLY=false
export MTLS_PORT=50051
export JWT_ACCESS_TOKEN_EXPIRE_MINUTES=30

Security Best Practices

Development Security

Development Environment:

# Disable authentication for development
export JWT_ENABLED=false
export MTLS_ENABLED=false

# Use development override
cat > docker/docker-compose.override.yml << EOF
services:
  mcp-server:
    environment:
      - JWT_ENABLED=false
EOF

Production Security

Production Hardening:

  1. Use secure deployment script: ./scripts/deploy-secure.sh
  2. Enable mTLS: Set MTLS_ENABLED=true
  3. Generate secure JWT secret: Use openssl rand -hex 32
  4. Monitor resources: Run ./monitoring/resource-monitor.sh
  5. Run security tests: Execute pytest tests/test_security.py
  6. Validate certificates: Check expiration dates regularly
  7. Review logs: Monitor for security events and alerts
  8. Update regularly: Keep containers and dependencies updated

Certificate Management

Certificate Lifecycle:

  1. Generation: Use ./scripts/setup-mtls.sh
  2. Validation: Verify certificate chain
  3. Deployment: Secure file permissions
  4. Monitoring: Check expiration dates
  5. Renewal: Regenerate before expiration
  6. Revocation: Remove compromised certificates

Certificate Security:

  • Use 4096-bit RSA keys
  • Set appropriate validity periods (365 days)
  • Implement proper file permissions
  • Store certificates securely
  • Monitor for expiration
  • Implement certificate rotation

Compliance & Standards

Security Standards Compliance

OWASP Container Security:

  • ✅ Use minimal base images
  • ✅ Run as non-root user
  • ✅ Use read-only filesystems
  • ✅ Drop unnecessary capabilities
  • ✅ Implement resource limits
  • ✅ Use security profiles (seccomp)
  • ✅ Scan for vulnerabilities
  • ✅ Implement proper logging

CIS Docker Benchmark:

  • ✅ 2.1: Run containers as non-root user
  • ✅ 2.2: Set container resource limits
  • ✅ 2.3: Use read-only root filesystems
  • ✅ 2.4: Drop unnecessary capabilities
  • ✅ 2.5: Use security profiles
  • ✅ 2.6: Implement proper logging
  • ✅ 2.7: Use trusted base images

NIST Cybersecurity Framework:

  • ✅ Identify: Asset inventory and risk assessment
  • ✅ Protect: Access controls and security hardening
  • ✅ Detect: Security monitoring and alerting
  • ✅ Respond: Incident response procedures
  • ✅ Recover: Backup and recovery capabilities

Zero Trust Architecture

Zero Trust Principles:

  • Never Trust, Always Verify: mTLS mutual authentication
  • Least Privilege Access: Minimal capabilities and permissions
  • Assume Breach: Defense in depth with multiple security layers
  • Verify Explicitly: Certificate-based authentication
  • Continuous Monitoring: Real-time security monitoring

Incident Response

Security Incident Types

Container Security Incidents:

  • Root privilege escalation
  • Filesystem modification attempts
  • Resource exhaustion attacks
  • Capability abuse

Network Security Incidents:

  • Unauthorized access attempts
  • Certificate validation failures
  • TLS connection anomalies
  • Authentication bypass attempts

Incident Response Procedures

Immediate Response:

  1. Isolate: Stop affected containers
  2. Assess: Determine scope and impact
  3. Contain: Prevent further damage
  4. Investigate: Analyze logs and evidence
  5. Remediate: Fix vulnerabilities
  6. Recover: Restore normal operations

Investigation Tools:

# Container forensics
docker logs docker-mcp-server-1
docker inspect docker-mcp-server-1

# Security monitoring
./monitoring/resource-monitor.sh
tail -f /tmp/resource-monitor.log

# Network analysis
docker network inspect docker_memory-net
netstat -tulpn | grep -E "(8080|50051)"

Recovery Procedures

Container Recovery:

# Stop compromised containers
docker compose down

# Rebuild with latest security
./scripts/deploy-secure.sh

# Validate security configuration
pytest tests/test_security.py -v

Certificate Recovery:

# Regenerate certificates
rm -rf certs/
./scripts/setup-mtls.sh

# Redeploy with new certificates
MTLS_ENABLED=true ./scripts/deploy-secure.sh

Security Contact

For security issues and vulnerabilities:

  1. Do not create public GitHub issues for security vulnerabilities
  2. Email: [email protected] (if available)
  3. Encrypted Communication: Use PGP for sensitive information
  4. Response Time: Security issues will be addressed within 24 hours

Security Changelog

Version 1.0.0 (Current)

  • ✅ Container security hardening implementation
  • ✅ mTLS authentication with PKI infrastructure
  • ✅ Security monitoring and alerting system
  • ✅ Comprehensive security test suite
  • ✅ Automated secure deployment scripts
  • ✅ Security documentation and best practices

Planned Security Enhancements

  • 🔄 Vulnerability scanning integration
  • 🔄 Security audit logging
  • 🔄 Advanced threat detection
  • 🔄 Security metrics dashboard
  • 🔄 Automated security updates

Last Updated: January 2025
Security Review: Completed
Next Review: Quarterly security assessment scheduled