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Performance Tuning

This guide covers performance optimization techniques for your Docker development environment.

Composer Performance

Memory Limit

Composer can consume significant memory. Increase the limit:

In .env:

COMPOSER_MEMORY_LIMIT=-1

This is the default in the environment (unlimited memory).

Composer Version

Use Composer 2 for better performance:

dev composer2 install

Composer 2 is significantly faster than Composer 1.

Platform Check

Disable platform requirements check for faster installs:

dev composer2 install --no-plugins --no-scripts

Or configure globally:

dev composer2 config platform-check false

Parallel Downloads

Composer 2 automatically downloads packages in parallel. For Composer 1:

dev composer1 global require hirak/prestissimo

PHP Performance

OPcache

OPcache is enabled by default in PHP containers. Verify:

dev php -i | grep opcache

Memory Limit

Increase PHP memory limit for resource-intensive scripts:

dev php -d memory_limit=512M script.php

Or set globally in docker-custom.yml:

services:
  php82:
    environment:
      PHP_MEMORY_LIMIT: 512M

Execution Time

For long-running scripts:

dev php -d max_execution_time=300 script.php

MySQL Performance

Configuration

Optimize MySQL in conf/mysql/my.cnf:

[mysqld]
# Memory
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 2G
key_buffer_size = 256M
max_allowed_packet = 64M

# Connections
max_connections = 200

# Query cache (MySQL 5.7 only)
query_cache_type = 1
query_cache_size = 64M

# InnoDB
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
innodb_log_file_size = 256M

# Temporary tables
tmp_table_size = 64M
max_heap_table_size = 64M

After changes:

dev restart db

Slow Query Log

Enable slow query logging:

[mysqld]
slow_query_log = 1
slow_query_log_file = /var/log/mysql/slow.log
long_query_time = 2

View slow queries:

dev exec db tail -f /var/log/mysql/slow.log

Index Optimization

Find tables without indexes:

SELECT DISTINCT
    tables.table_schema,
    tables.table_name
FROM information_schema.tables
LEFT JOIN information_schema.statistics
    ON tables.table_schema = statistics.table_schema
    AND tables.table_name = statistics.table_name
WHERE statistics.index_name IS NULL
    AND tables.table_schema NOT IN ('mysql', 'information_schema', 'performance_schema')
    AND tables.table_type = 'BASE TABLE';

Docker Performance

Volume Performance

Linux: Native performance, no optimization needed.

macOS/Windows: Use Docker volumes instead of bind mounts:

dev volume workspace workspace

This significantly improves I/O performance.

Resource Allocation

Allocate more resources to Docker:

Docker Desktop Settings:

  • CPUs: 4+ cores recommended
  • Memory: 8+ GB recommended
  • Swap: 2+ GB
  • Disk image size: 100+ GB

BuildKit

Enable Docker BuildKit for faster builds:

export DOCKER_BUILDKIT=1

Add to ~/.bashrc or ~/.zshrc for persistence.

Layer Caching

Optimize Dockerfile layer caching by ordering commands from least to most frequently changed:

# Rarely changes - good for caching
FROM php:8.2-fpm

# System packages - changes occasionally
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y \
    package1 package2

# PHP extensions - changes occasionally
RUN docker-php-ext-install pdo_mysql

# Application dependencies - changes more frequently
COPY composer.json composer.lock ./
RUN composer install --no-dev

# Application code - changes most frequently
COPY . .

Elasticsearch/OpenSearch Performance

Memory Settings

Set JVM heap size (should be 50% of available RAM, max 32GB):

services:
  elasticsearch:
    environment:
      - "ES_JAVA_OPTS=-Xms1g -Xmx1g"

Disable Swapping

In docker-custom.yml:

services:
  elasticsearch:
    environment:
      - bootstrap.memory_lock=true
    ulimits:
      memlock:
        soft: -1
        hard: -1

Varnish Performance

Cache Size

Increase Varnish cache size in .env:

CACHE_SIZE=1G

Monitoring

Check Varnish hit rate:

dev exec varnish varnishadm stats

Look for cache_hit vs cache_miss ratio.

Redis Performance

Persistent Storage

For development, disable persistence for better performance:

services:
  redis:
    command: redis-server --appendonly no --save ""

Memory Limit

Set max memory:

services:
  redis:
    command: redis-server --maxmemory 256mb --maxmemory-policy allkeys-lru

Application-Specific

Magento 2

Production Mode:

dev console bin/magento deploy:mode:set production
dev console bin/magento cache:flush

Flat Catalog: Enable flat tables for categories and products:

  • Stores > Configuration > Catalog > Catalog
  • Enable "Use Flat Catalog Category"
  • Enable "Use Flat Catalog Product"

Indexers: Switch to "Update on Schedule":

dev console bin/magento indexer:set-mode schedule catalog_category_product
dev console bin/magento indexer:set-mode schedule catalog_product_category
# ... etc for all indexers

Static Content: Deploy static content:

dev console bin/magento setup:static-content:deploy -f

Laravel

Config Caching:

dev console php artisan config:cache
dev console php artisan route:cache
dev console php artisan view:cache

OPcache: Already enabled in PHP containers.

Monitoring Performance

Container Resources

Monitor resource usage:

dev top

Identify Bottlenecks

Check which container is consuming resources:

docker stats

Application Profiling

Use Blackfire for application profiling:

dev blackfire curl http://your-site.localhost

See configure-blackfire.md.

Common Issues

Slow File Operations

Problem: File operations (composer, npm) are slow. Solution: Use Docker volumes instead of bind mounts (macOS/Windows).

High CPU Usage

Problem: Constant high CPU. Solution: Check logs for errors causing retry loops:

dev logs

Out of Memory

Problem: Containers crashing or OOM errors. Solution:

  • Increase Docker Desktop memory allocation
  • Reduce container memory limits
  • Optimize application memory usage

Database Queries Slow

Problem: Slow database queries. Solution:

  • Enable slow query log
  • Add indexes
  • Optimize queries
  • Increase innodb_buffer_pool_size

Benchmarking

Database Performance

dev myroot -e "SHOW ENGINE INNODB STATUS\G"

Web Performance

Use Apache Bench:

dev exec php ab -n 1000 -c 10 http://your-site.localhost/

PHP Performance

Compare script execution time:

time dev php script.php

See Also